从刑法修正看宽严相济刑事政策之践行

发布时间：2018-03-20 10:23

本文选题：刑法修正　切入点：宽严相济　出处：《南京大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：刑事政策是指指国家立法机关、司法机关根据一国具体国情和现实犯罪发展趋势制定或运用的惩罚现行犯罪、矫治犯罪人以期预防犯罪再次发生的各种刑事应对策略,从其自身稳定性上来看,刑事政策固然不如刑法典,但在我国现行体制下对其进行研究却具有极其重要的意义。2004年罗干同志在政法委工作会议上首次提出了“宽严相济”理念,这一刑事政策理念的提出成为中国刑事政策转变进程中的一个里程碑。迄今为止距这一理念提出已有近七年,“宽严相济”的刑事政策在长期的司法实践中更加成熟,并最终于2011年2月通过的《中华人民共和国刑法修正案(八)》得以具体化。目前,我国学者大都聚焦于此次刑法修改涉及的具体制度或条文修改,而少有学者从该修正案整体出发,对其背后所展现的中国刑事政策变化予以关注。但毋庸置疑的是,这次刑法修正案首次涉及总则问题,其背后所蕴含的法理考量无疑代表了“宽严相济”刑事政策的具体成果,对中国今后的刑事政策变化乃至刑法发展都极具借鉴意义。本文主要采用文献研究的方法,通过阅读相关文献资料首先明确刑事政策研究相关的基本理论,其次通过研究中外刑事政策自产生至今的历史发展沿革,把握近现代以来我国刑事政策的变化趋势并在此基础上明确“宽严相济”的刑事政策形成的背景及科学依据,最后通过研究此次刑法修正案中所涉及的条文内容,深入研究其背后的法理基础、社会背景以及修正过程中各方面的建议,将其与早先提出的“宽严相济”的刑事政策相比较,分析两者背后的法律精神契合点,通过此次具体刑法条文修正具体化的分析我国应对犯罪手段的转变与发展,同时通过阅读相关立法资料深入挖掘了解体现宽严相济精神的相关条文修正时的争议点以及其文本公布后的各方反应,以探求我国“宽严相济”刑事政策具体化的不足及发展前景。本文本体部分主要采用总分式结构,分为五个部分。第一章为中国刑事政策的发展与现状。主要介绍了刑事政策的基本理论,确定了刑事政策的含义、我国刑事政策的产生与不同历史时期的发展沿革,在这一基础上重点讨论了“惩办与宽大相结合”、“严打”以及“宽严相济”等三种对我国影响较大的刑事政策。第二章主要论述了“宽严相济”刑事政策之“严”在此次刑法修改上的体现,主要表现为对危害民生行为的严厉打击。第三章主要论述了“宽严相济”刑事政策下的人权保障要求在此次刑法修改中的实际体现,主要包括两个方面：矜老恤幼传统的回归和死刑的废限。第五章主要评述了《刑法修正案(八)》中为与贯彻我国“宽严相济”刑事政策要求而对有关刑罚制度条文所进行的变化,论述了惩罚犯罪手段多样化、轻缓化的发展趋势。第六部分为结语,这一章节中首先从整体上对我国此次刑法修改过程中对“宽严相济”刑事政策的践行情况进行总结,并进一步探讨论述了我国今后立法司法活动中落实宽严相济刑事政策尚有的提升空间与发展趋势。
[Abstract]:The criminal policy is pointing to the state legislature, judicial organs formulated according to the development of a country's specific national conditions and the reality of crime trends or the use of existing crime punishment, offender treatment in order to prevent crime from happening again in various criminal coping strategies, from the stability point of view, the criminal policy is not the criminal law, but the current system in China to conduct a study on it has very important significance in.2004 of Comrade Luo Gan in politics and Law Committee meeting first proposed the "Leniency" concept, the concept of criminal policy is proposed to become a milepost China criminal policy in the process of transformation. So far from the concept of the nearly seven years, "Leniency" of the criminal policy is more mature in the long-term judicial practice, and finally in February 2011 by the "People's Republic of China criminal law amendment (eight)" to be specific. First, our scholars mostly focus on the specific provisions of the amendment of criminal law system or to modify, but few scholars from the amendment of criminal Chinese policy changes to show behind the attention. But there is no doubt that the amendment of the criminal law for the first time to the general problem of the legal considerations behind it represents the "Leniency" concrete results of the criminal policy, the development of the future are very China change of criminal policy and criminal law significance. This paper mainly uses the methods of literature research, by reading relevant literature firstly the basic theory of criminal policy, followed by the study of Chinese and foreign criminal policy has emerged. Since the development of history, grasp the modern trend of the criminal policy of China and on the basis of clear "Leniency" of the criminal policy of forming background And the scientific basis, finally through the study of the contents of the provisions of criminal law amendment to the legal basis of research behind it, the social background and in the process of revision proposals with the previously proposed "Leniency" of the criminal policy of comparison, analysis of the spirit of law behind the two meeting point through the analysis of the transformation and development of the specific provisions of criminal law amendment to specific means of crime in our country, at the same time by reading the relevant legislative data dig understand the relevant provisions of the parties reflect the reaction of modified leniency spirit when the controversial points in the text and after the announcement, to explore China's "Leniency" and lack of the prospects for the development of specific criminal policy. This part mainly uses the total body type structure, is divided into five parts. The first chapter is the development and current situation of China criminal policy. This paper mainly introduced the criminal The basic theory and policy, to determine the meaning of criminal policy, the criminal policy of China and the evolution of the different historical period, on the basis of this focus on the "combining punishment with Leniency", "strike hard" and "Leniency" and other three kinds of criminal policy in China. The second chapter mainly discusses the "Leniency" of the criminal policy of "strict" in the criminal law amendment reflected, mainly for the severely harm people's livelihood behavior. The third chapter mainly discusses the "Leniency" protection of human rights under the criminal policy of the criminal law reflects the actual requirements of modifications in the main includes two aspects: the limit of the death penalty and waste return to the old and young tradition. The fifth chapter mainly discusses the "criminal law amendment (eight) > and implement China's" Leniency "criminal policy requirements and the relevant provisions of the penal system Change, discusses various means to punish crime, light and slow trend. The sixth part is the conclusion, this chapter first from the whole of China's criminal law in the process of revision of "Leniency" practice of criminal policy are summarized, and further discuss the future of China's legislative and judicial in the implementation of leniency promotion space and the development trend is the criminal policy.

【学位授予单位】：南京大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

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