非法吸收公众存款罪中“不特定对象”标准之改良

发布时间：2018-03-24 03:12

本文选题：不特定对象　切入点：亲友　出处：《政治与法律》2015年11期

【摘要】："向社会不特定对象吸收资金"是认定非法吸收公众存款罪的一个必备要件。司法解释将"单位内部人员"和"亲友"作为判断非法吸收公众存款罪"特定对象"与"不特定对象"的标准存在明显的理念误区、逻辑缺陷和技术障碍:试图以身份上的概念描述和判断市场经济行为的做法严重违背了基本认识规律和立法技术科学性的要求;这种认定标准与立法目的不存在实质的关联;"亲友"概念本身存在模糊性。这也是造成实务中"不特定对象"标准司法认定困难的根本原因。"不特定对象"标准改良应当借鉴美国私募融资安全港制度,将"投资人有充分的时间了解并且已经了解关于筹资的必要信息"、"投资人具有一定的风险识别能力和风险承担能力"这两种情形排除在"不特定对象"认定的考虑范围外,并由筹资人对此承担证明责任。
[Abstract]:"absorbing funds from non-specific objects of society" is an essential element in determining the crime of illegally absorbing deposits from the public. Judicial interpretation regards "internal personnel of the unit" and "relatives and friends" as the "specific objects" to judge the crime of illegally absorbing deposits from the public. There are obvious misconceptions about the standard of "non-specific object", Logic defects and technical obstacles: the attempt to describe and judge the market economy behavior by the concept of identity has seriously violated the basic law of cognition and the requirement of the scientific nature of legislation technology; There is no substantial connection between this standard and legislative purpose, and the concept of "relatives and friends" itself is vague. This is the root cause of the difficulty of judicial determination of the standard of "non-specific object" in practice, and the criterion of "non-specific object". The reform should draw lessons from the safe harbour system of private equity financing in the United States. Excluding "investors with sufficient time to understand and have access to the necessary information on financing" and "investors with a certain degree of risk identification and risk-bearing capacity" to be excluded from the considerations identified by the "non-specific object", And it is up to the fundraiser to bear the burden of proof.
【作者单位】：上海市黄浦区人民检察院;
【分类号】：D924.3

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