转化犯问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 01:12

本文选题：转化　切入点：转化犯　出处：《郑州大学》2007年硕士论文

【摘要】： 翻开我国的97年《刑法》，在刑法规定的413个罪名当中，其中有十几种罪名明文规定了转化犯的形式，在两高的司法解释当中，也规定了交通肇事罪、挪用公款罪、偷税漏税罪、利用邪教组织进行的犯罪等五种罪名的转化犯。随着我国社会主义市场经济的不断发展，有关经济的犯罪也呈现日益增多的趋势，而转化犯的形式多集中在侵犯公民人身权利、侵犯财产罪和妨害社会管理秩序罪三章当中，侵犯财产罪也成为现实生活中常发的罪名，其构成也较为复杂。由于转化犯是轻罪向重罪的转化，因此，，在认定是否已经构成转化犯时，只有严格把握转化犯的构成要件，分清基础犯罪与转化犯罪的界限，才能切实做到保障人权的目的。特别是在共同犯罪中，目前学界却忽视了共同犯罪的另一种特殊的表现形式——共同犯罪中的转化犯，对此，我们在理论上缺少足够的关注，在司法实践中，缺乏明确的理论和立法。本文作者拟对此提出自己的一些观点和想法。本文除引言外共分为四个部分。第一部分：转化犯的定义和特征本部分分为两节。第一节通过对转化犯定义纷争的评析，归纳出转化犯应定义为转化犯，实际上是犯罪性质的转化，是指行为人在实施了一个较轻的故意犯罪(本罪)的过程中，由于出现了本罪所不能容纳的事实，使原犯罪行为符合了另一种犯罪(转化罪)的犯罪成立条件，依照法律的规定，按转化罪定罪处罚的犯罪形态。第二节笔者总结出转化犯的特征为法定性、趋重性和异质性。因而转化犯与结果加重犯、想象竞合犯和结合犯有一定的区别。第二部分：导致转化的法律事实本部分分为两节。第一节讨论导致转化的主观原因，在转化犯的主观方面，对于故意犯罪向故意犯罪的转化，学界并无争议。但是对于过失犯罪向故意犯罪的转化，故意犯罪向过失犯罪的转化以及过失犯罪向过失犯罪的转化，学界却是争议颇多。笔者对上述三种情况一一作出了分析，并认为转化犯在主观方面，除了包括故意犯罪向故意犯罪方面的转化，还可以存在过失犯罪向故意犯罪方面的转化，但是却是不能存在故意犯罪向过失犯罪的转化以及过失犯罪向过失犯罪的转化。第二节讨论导致转化的客观原因。客观方面的原因包括时间的特定性和行为性质上的特定性。第三部分：共同犯罪中的转化犯问题本部分共分为四节。第一节提出共同犯罪转化犯的问题。第二节对共同犯罪转化犯与共同犯罪中的结果加重犯以及共同犯罪中的过限犯作出了区分。第三节笔者对共同犯罪中的转化犯作出了分类，认为共同犯罪中的转化犯可以分为一体的共同犯罪的转化犯与共同的共同犯罪的转化犯、一般的共同犯罪的转化犯与特殊的共同犯罪的转化犯以及临时型的共同犯罪的转化犯与概括型的共同犯罪的转化犯。第四节笔者对共同犯罪转化犯的定罪及量刑进行了讨论。第四部分：中国现行刑法中转化犯的检讨本部分共分为三节。第一节首先肯定的转化犯的立法价值。第二节检讨了目前中国现行刑法中转化犯规定的不足。认为在转化犯中，本罪与转化罪之间的“界限”不明确，并且转化犯趋重性在量刑方面存在一定的矛盾之处。第三节提出了转化犯的立法、司法建议。
[Abstract]:With the development of socialist market economy in China , the crime of crimes against property has become more and more complicated . With the development of socialist market economy in our country , the crime of infringing property has become more and more complicated . With the development of socialist market economy in our country , the crime of violation of property has also become more and more complicated .

This paper is divided into four parts except introduction .

Part I : Definition and characteristics of conversion criminals

This part is divided into two sections . In the first section , through the analysis of the definition of the conversion crime , the author concludes that the conversion crime should be defined as the conversion crime , which is actually the transformation of the criminal nature , which means that the perpetrator is guilty of another crime ( conversion crime ) because of the fact that the crime cannot be accommodated .

Part Two : Legal facts leading to conversion

This part is divided into two sections . The first section discusses the subjective reason of the transformation . In the subjective aspect of the transformation , there is no dispute about the transformation of intentional crime to intentional crime . However , there are many disputes about the transformation of intentional crime to intentional crime , the transformation of intentional crime and the transformation of negligence crime .

The transformation of intentional crime to intentional crime can also exist . However , there can be no conversion of intentional crime to negligence crime and the conversion of negligence crime to negligence crime . The second part discusses the objective reason of transformation . The reasons of objective aspect include the specific property of time and the specific property in the behavior nature .

The third part : the problem of conversion crime in common crime

In section II , the author makes a distinction between the crime of common crime and the result of common crime and the over - limit in common crime . In section III , the author makes a classification of the crime of common crime and the transformation of common crime .

The fourth part : the review of the conversion criminals in China ' s current criminal law

This part is divided into three sections . The first section firstly affirms the legislative value of the conversion crime . The second section reviews the deficiencies of the current criminal law in China . It is believed that the " limit " between the crime and the conversion crime is not clear in the case of the conversion crime , and there is a certain contradiction in the sentencing . Section III provides the legislative and judicial recommendations for the conversion of prisoners .

【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2007
【分类号】：D924.1

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