刑法法益阶序论及其应用

发布时间：2018-04-14 16:27

本文选题：法益阶序论 + 前实定性　；参考：《中国海洋大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：犯罪的本质是从社会危害说，演变到权利侵害说，再到法益侵害说，这些演变包含着人类对法律与社会、法律与国家、人类的关系不断深化的过程，在不同的历史时期，给予与其认识深度相当的概念。法益侵害说虽有进步性，但也有其自身理论上的不足，并且这种理论上的不足，已经在现实中转化成为了人类的灾难——二次世界大战，纳粹德国将其民族的法益设置为最高法益，高于其国内个人的法益，高于其他民族的法益，所以为了维护其所谓的最高法益，可以任意牺牲其他法益，从而导致战争在其国内法上是合理合法的。导致这种灾难是多种原因的，防范的策略也多种多样的。从法律层面上，笔者从此提出了法益阶序说，以关系人类发展轻重为出发点，，将相关法益进行排序，其难度系数如同人类生命基因排序，但是在面对人类发展的历史长河与漫漫征途，是人类不可回避的。并从法益的前实定性，判断法益的立法功能；其与道德关系，是以我国现行法律、社会现实问题为着眼点；法益阶序论有较强的实用性。当今我国犯罪构成饱受争议，笔者从法益阶序论出发，提出“一元三要件说”，以阶序的法益为核心，构建主体、主观、客观双向互动式的犯罪构成要件，这种构成要件包含大陆法系的犯罪构成要件：该当性、违法性、责任性，对比英美法系的双模式认定论更有优越性，尤其是更符合司法实践中执法人员对案件的客观认识规律。我国立法中模糊词语不仅影响了执法，更给公众知法守法造成了困难，笔者从法益阶序论出发，将各种违法行为侵害的法益，相互置换，就相当于货币诞生历程一样，以一种大众所熟知，方便执行的法益等价代换出来作为基数，将现行法律中的模糊词替换为数字，以实现马克思说：科学的最高形式是数字化。
[Abstract]:The essence of crime is from the theory of social harm to the theory of infringement of rights, and then to the theory of infringement of legal interests. These changes include the process of deepening the relationship between law and society, law and country, and human beings in different historical periods.To give a concept commensurate with the depth of its understanding.Although the theory of encroachment on legal interests is progressive, it also has its own theoretical shortcomings, and this theoretical deficiency has been transformed into the disaster of human beings-World War II in reality.Nazi Germany set the legal interest of its nation as the supreme legal interest, which was higher than that of the individual in its own country and higher than that of other nationalities, so in order to maintain its so-called supreme legal interest, other legal interests could be sacrificed at will.This led to war being legitimate in its domestic law.There are many reasons for this disaster, and there are a variety of strategies to prevent it.From the point of view of law, the author puts forward the order of legal interest from this point of view, taking the importance of human development as the starting point, ranking the relevant legal benefits, the difficulty coefficient of which is similar to the sequencing of human life genes.But in the face of the history of human development and long journey, it is inevitable.And judging the legislative function of legal interest from the pre-real nature of legal interest, the relationship between it and morality is based on the current law and social reality of our country, and the order of legal interest theory has strong practicability.At present, the constitution of crime in our country is under dispute. The author, based on the theory of the order of legal interest, puts forward the theory of "one element and three elements", which takes the legal interests of order order as the core, and constructs the subjective, subjective and objective two-way interactive elements of the constitution of the crime.This kind of constitutive elements include the elements of criminal constitution of the continental law system: the appropriateness, the illegality and the responsibility, which are more superior than the two-mode cognizance theory of the Anglo-American law system, especially in accordance with the law of the law enforcement personnel's objective understanding of the case in the judicial practice.The vague words in the legislation of our country not only affect the law enforcement, but also make it difficult for the public to know the law and abide by the law. The author, starting from the order of law interests, replaces the legal interests of various illegal acts against each other, which is the same as the birth course of money.In order to realize Marx's saying that the highest form of science is digitalization, the fuzzy words in the current law are replaced by numbers on the basis of a kind of legal equivalent which is well known to the public and easy to execute.
【学位授予单位】：中国海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

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