事后不可罚行为理论的中国化研究

发布时间：2018-04-15 17:56

本文选题：事后不可罚行为 + 罪数形态　；参考：《河北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：事后不可罚行为是罪数形态理论的研究范畴,对罪数形态理论的充分把握是正确研究事后不可罚行为的基础。德日及我国台湾地区对罪数形态的研究视角各有不同,德国刑法界以“竞合论”的视角处理司法实践中的罪数问题;日本与台湾地区刑法理论虽然都是以“罪数论”的角度解释实践中的罪数问题,但在具体罪数形态的区分上又各不相同。德国刑法理论界将事后不可罚行为定位于“法条竞合”下的吸收关系之中;日本刑法界则将其归类于“包括的一罪”某一具体类型;台湾地区刑法学者则更倾向于以“吸收犯”的视角对事后不可罚行为进行解释。然而,各国罪数形态理论的研究都有着浓郁的地方特色与传统背景。事后不可罚行为理论的引入可能会造成理论认识上的混乱甚至与既有理论的冲突、不协调等一系列问题。但同时事后不可罚行为理论的输入,有利于丰富与完善我国罪数形态理论以及合理解释司法实践中遇到的难题。事后不可罚行为是指行为人在本罪完成之后,出于确保、利用或处分本罪之结果等目的而又实施的符合构成要件的行为,基于行为人主观上某一总的犯罪意图与前后行为之间的紧密关联性而对后行为不再单独处罚的犯罪形态。事后行为未侵犯新的法益或未扩大对原法益的侵害范围并非事后行为不予处罚的必要条件。因此,事后不可罚行为的成立并不以本罪为状态犯为前提,亦不以未侵犯新的法益为限制。在我国,从传统刑法理论对罪数形态的分类以及实践中事后不可罚行为的成立场合来看,将事后不可罚行为定位于牵连犯下的一个具体形态更为适宜,并以此为基础对事后不可罚行为的特征与不罚根据予以重新梳理。实践中,事后不可罚行为与状态犯、即成犯、共同犯罪形态及诉讼时效交织纠缠在一起而产生一系列理论上的难题。行为人完成盗窃之后又实施的其他确保不法利益实现的行为并非全部属于事后不可罚行为;行为人杀人之后为毁灭证据、逃避侦查而实施的掩埋、焚毁尸体等行为构成事后不可罚行为。总而言之,司法实践中对事后不可罚行为的认定应该在坚持认定标准的基础上,结合其他理论,综合考虑刑法基本原则与刑事政策等相关因素,得出妥当结论。
[Abstract]:The theory of crime number form is based on the understanding of the theory of crime number form.Germany, Japan and Taiwan have different perspectives on the study of the number of crimes. The German criminal law circle deals with the number of crimes in judicial practice from the perspective of "competing theory".Although the theory of criminal law in Japan and Taiwan explains the number of crimes in practice from the angle of "number of crimes", they differ from each other in the differentiation of specific forms of the number of crimes.The theoretical circle of German criminal law defines the afterwards unpunished act as the absorbing relation under the "concurrence of laws", while the Japanese criminal law circles classify it as a specific type of "included crime".Criminal scholars in Taiwan are more inclined to explain the impunity after the event from the angle of "absorbing crime".However, the study of the theory of crime number form has strong local characteristics and traditional background.The introduction of the theory of unpunished behavior after the event may lead to confusion in theoretical understanding and even conflict and disharmony with existing theories.But at the same time, the input of the theory of unpunished behavior after the event is helpful to enrich and perfect the theory of the number of crimes in our country and to explain the problems encountered in the judicial practice reasonably.An act of impunity after the event is an act that the perpetrator, after the completion of the crime, has carried out for the purpose of ensuring, utilizing or punishing the result of the crime, in accordance with the constitutive requirements,Based on the close relationship between a total criminal intention and the behavior before and after the perpetrator subjectively, the form of the crime that no longer punishes the later behavior separately.It is not necessary for ex post action not to violate new legal interests or to extend the scope of infringement of original legal interests.Therefore, the establishment of the act of impunity does not take this crime as the premise of the state crime, nor does it restrict the violation of the new legal interests.In our country, from the classification of the crime number form in the traditional criminal law theory and the establishment situation of the afterwards impunity behavior in practice, it is more appropriate to position the afterwards impunity act as a specific form of implicated crime.And on the basis of this, the characteristics and the basis of impunity are rearranged.In practice, there are a series of theoretical problems arising from the intertwining of the form of joint crime and the limitation of action after the act of punishment and the state crime, that is to say, the adult crime.All other acts committed by the perpetrator after the completion of the theft to ensure the realization of the illegal interests are not all acts that are not punishable after the event; the perpetrator, after killing the person, destroys the evidence and escapes the burial carried out by the investigation,Acts such as incineration of corpses constitute an act of impunity after the event.In a word, in judicial practice, we should insist on the criterion of recognition, combine with other theories, consider the basic principles of criminal law and relevant factors such as criminal policy, and draw an appropriate conclusion.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.1

【相似文献】