我国集资诈骗罪死刑适用限制研究

发布时间：2018-04-19 05:37

本文选题：集资诈骗罪 + 死刑　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文题目为我国集资诈骗罪死刑适用限制研究。研究这一问题的意义在于，减少非暴力犯罪死刑，已成为我国刑事立法的重要趋势之一，集资诈骗罪保留死刑的做法，，与这一趋势不一致。集资诈骗罪是我国刑法中唯一保留死刑的金融诈骗犯罪，在少用、慎用死刑的刑事政策指导下，限制集资诈骗罪死刑适用是贯彻我国死刑政策的必由之路。本文研究的基本出发点是尊重目前刑法保留集资诈骗罪死刑的做法，在此框架下从死刑适用情况、立法、司法、犯罪成因等方面分析集资诈骗罪死刑适用中存在的问题，试图得出应当限制集资诈骗罪死刑适用的结论，并提出限制集资诈骗罪死刑适用的方法。本文分三个主要部分。第一部分是我国集资诈骗罪死刑适用的基本情况。从集资诈骗罪死刑设置的立法沿革出发，分析国家对集资诈骗采取的从严、从重政策。另外，本文搜集了45起集资诈骗罪死刑案例，并对这些案例进行数据分析，同时对其中3起案例案例进行典型分析，得出的结论是我国集资诈骗罪死刑作用有限，并没有发挥应有的威慑作用和控制作用。第二部分是我国集资诈骗罪死刑适用限制原因分析。主要从立法、司法、犯罪成因三个方面进行论述。立法层面上，集资诈骗罪设置死刑有悖刑法的谦抑性精神；有悖罪刑相一致的刑法基本原则；不利于保持诈骗犯罪类罪和个罪的统一；并不符合死刑发展的国际趋势。在现阶段暂时不能废止集资诈骗罪死刑的情况下，最好的手段就是限制该罪的死刑适用。司法层面上，对于“给国家和人民利益造成特别重大损失”的认定存在对犯罪数额的过度依赖问题；对“罪行特别严重”的解释有扩大化之嫌；集资诈骗数额的计算方法对于非法占有目的的推定有客观归罪的倾向；在非法占有目的的认定上，对于非法占有内涵的解释不断出现偏差，非法占有目的时间点的确立不断后延；使用推定方法认定非法占有目的存在一定风险。从犯罪成因上看，集资诈骗罪形成的根本原因在于金融秩序和民间融资规则的不完备；被害人在犯罪中的过错显而易见；地方政府对犯罪产生的责任难以推卸。正因为上述种种理由，集资诈骗罪死刑不应该再被当做打击和预防集资诈骗罪的工具，应当在迫不得已的情况下才用。集资诈骗罪死刑适用应当受到限制。第三部分是我国集资诈骗罪死刑适用限制的路径分析。本文对于如何限制集资诈骗罪死刑的适用提出了六个方面的措施，分别是进一步加大死刑立即执行替代措施的使用；进一步明确“给国家和人民利益造成特别重大损失”与“罪行极其严重”间的关系；进一步严格非法占有目的的认定标准；加大对被害人的保护与救济，以求得被害人最大程度上的谅解，化解社会矛盾；破除对死刑过度依赖的传统观念；强化政府职能的落实。
[Abstract]:The title of this paper is the study on the limitation of death penalty for the crime of raising funds and defrauding in our country.The significance of studying this problem lies in the fact that reducing the death penalty for non-violent crimes has become one of the important trends of criminal legislation in our country. The practice of retaining the death penalty in the crime of raising funds for fraud is inconsistent with this trend.The crime of raising funds for fraud is the only crime of financial fraud that retains the death penalty in the criminal law of our country. Under the guidance of the criminal policy of less use and careful use of the death penalty, restricting the application of the death penalty for the crime of raising funds for fraud is the only way to carry out the policy of death penalty in our country.The basic starting point of this paper is to respect the current practice of retaining the death penalty for the crime of fraud by raising funds in the criminal law. Under this framework, the problems existing in the application of the death penalty for the crime of fund-raising fraud are analyzed from the aspects of the application of the death penalty, legislation, judicature, and the causes of crime.This paper tries to draw a conclusion that the death penalty should be applied to the crime of fraud by raising funds, and puts forward the methods of restricting the application of the death penalty for the crime of fraud through raising funds.This paper is divided into three main parts.The first part is the basic situation of the application of death penalty in the crime of raising funds and defrauding in our country.Starting from the legislative evolution of the death penalty for the crime of raising funds for fraud, this paper analyzes the strict and important policies adopted by the state in respect of the financing fraud.In addition, this paper collects 45 death penalty cases of the crime of fund-raising fraud, and carries on the data analysis to these cases, at the same time carries on the typical analysis to the 3 cases, draws the conclusion that the death penalty function of the crime of raising funds fraud in our country is limited.And did not play its due deterrent and control role.The second part is the analysis of the reasons why the death penalty is applicable to the crime of raising funds and defrauding.Mainly from the legislation, the judiciary, the crime causes three aspects to carry on the elaboration.On the legislative level, the establishment of the death penalty for the crime of raising funds for fraud is contrary to the modest spirit of criminal law; to the basic principles of criminal law consistent with crime and punishment; it is not conducive to maintaining the unity of crime of fraud and individual crime; it is not in line with the international trend of the development of the death penalty.The best way is to limit the application of the death penalty.At the judicial level, there exists the problem of excessive dependence on the amount of crime in the determination of "causing great losses to the interests of the state and the people", and the extension of the interpretation of "especially serious crimes".The method of calculating the amount of fund raising fraud has an objective tendency to impute the presumption of the purpose of illegal possession, and in the determination of the purpose of illegal possession, the interpretation of the connotation of illegal possession is constantly deviated.The establishment of the time point of illegal possession has been delayed, and the use of presumption method to determine the purpose of illegal possession has certain risks.From the point of view of the cause of crime, the fundamental cause of the formation of the crime of fund-raising fraud lies in the incomplete financial order and folk financing rules; the fault of the victim in the crime is obvious; and the responsibility of the local government to the crime is difficult to shirk.For all these reasons, the death penalty should no longer be used as a tool to combat and prevent the crime of fraud.The application of the death penalty for the crime of raising funds for fraud shall be restricted.The third part is the path analysis of the death penalty limitation of the crime of raising funds and defrauding in our country.This paper puts forward six measures on how to limit the application of death penalty in the crime of financing fraud, which is to further increase the use of alternative measures for immediate execution of the death penalty;Further clarifying the relationship between "particularly heavy losses to the interests of the State and the people" and "extremely serious crimes"; further tightening the criteria for determining the purpose of illegal possession; and increasing the protection and relief of victims,In order to obtain the maximum understanding of the victims, resolve social contradictions, break the traditional concept of excessive reliance on the death penalty, strengthen the implementation of government functions.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

【参考文献】