论强迫他人签订合同并实现合同“权利”行为的定性
发布时间:2018-04-21 18:20
本文选题:财产性利益 + 合同种类 ; 参考:《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文
【摘要】:合同属于民法上的概念,强迫他人签订的合同,违背当事人真实意思,在民法上是可撤销合同。当强迫签订合同的行为侵犯被害人财产权和人身权的程度超过了民法规制的范围,民法已经不能使被害人的权益受到有效保护,则需要刑法发挥其保护法益、惩罚犯罪的功能。但是,合同债权不是具体的财物,是一种财产性利益,财产性利益是否为财产型犯罪之对象在刑法学界存在争议,我国刑法也没有将财产性利益纳入侵犯财产罪一章的财产的范围,这不利于在日益多样的社会经济活动中保护人民的合法权益,也不利于对侵犯财产性利益的犯罪人正确地定罪量刑。所以,从具体的案例入手,对强迫他人签订合同并实现合同“权利”的行为进行准确地定性,是十分必要的。经过分析可知,合同的内容及种类、强迫行为的程度、实现合同“权利”的行为对象和方式这三个因素影响行为定性。所以,行为定性应当遵循的思路是:首先,分析作为合同内容的财产性利益是否为财产型犯罪的对象以明确行为是否具有违法性。其次,研究强迫行为的程度以判断罪名、犯罪的停止形态及罪数形态。最后,分析实现合同“权利”的行为对象和方式以确定罪数形态。厘清了行为定性思路的基础上,再对合同的内容及种类、强迫行为的程度、实现合同“权利”的行为对象和方式进行具体认定,将其作为行为定性的理论依据,从而认定强迫他人签订合同并实现合同“权利”行为的性质。
[Abstract]:Contract belongs to the concept of civil law, forcing others to sign a contract, contrary to the true will of the parties, is a revocable contract in civil law. When the forced signing of a contract infringes upon the victim's property rights and personal rights beyond the scope of the civil law, the civil law can no longer effectively protect the rights and interests of the victims, so it is necessary for the criminal law to play its role in protecting the interests of the protection law and punishing the crime. However, the contractual creditor's right is not a specific property, but a kind of property interest. Whether the property interest is the object of the property crime is controversial in the field of criminal law. China's criminal law also does not include property interests in the scope of property in the chapter on crimes against property, which is not conducive to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of the people in increasingly diverse social and economic activities. It is also unfavorable to the criminal who infringes the property interests to be convicted and sentenced correctly. Therefore, it is necessary to define accurately the behavior of forcing others to sign contracts and realize their "rights" from concrete cases. Through the analysis, we can know that the content and type of contract, the degree of compulsive behavior, the object and mode of realizing contract "right" affect the qualitative behavior. Therefore, the thinking of behavior characterization should be followed: first, analyze whether the property interest as the content of the contract is the object of the property-type crime to make clear whether the behavior has the illegality or not. Secondly, the author studies the degree of compulsion to judge the crime, the form of crime cessation and the form of crime number. Finally, the author analyzes the object and mode of realizing the contract right to determine the crime number. On the basis of clarifying the qualitative thinking of behavior, the content and type of the contract, the degree of compulsive behavior, the object and the way of realizing the "right" of the contract are specifically identified, which is regarded as the theoretical basis for the characterization of the act. The nature of the act of forcing others to sign a contract and realizing the "right" of the contract is determined.
【学位授予单位】:湘潭大学
【学位级别】:硕士
【学位授予年份】:2017
【分类号】:D924.3
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