刑法视野下网络诽谤问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-27 22:53

本文选题：网络诽谤 + 恶意转载　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：互联网的迅速普及为人们的生活、工作带来便捷的同时，，也为犯罪行为开阔了道路。作为信息获取和交流平台，互联网已经融入人们生活，成为不可或缺的一部分，日常生活、工作甚至部分犯罪行为都被打上了互联网的印迹。具体到诽谤罪，借助网络捏造并散布诽谤性信息的网络诽谤行为异军突起，并不断蔓延，传统诽谤罪已经无法有效遏制网络诽谤的发展趋势，因此，2013年最高人民法院和最高人民检察院不得不针对网络诽谤行为颁布了《最高人民法院、最高人民检察院关于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》（以下简称《解释》）。该解释对网络诽谤行为进行了界定，并且明确了网络诽谤“情节严重”以及“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”的具体情形。但是《解释》的仓促出台，并未完全解决网络诽谤存在的问题，而且，《解释》中对于转发500次为入罪标准、恶意转载情节恶劣等相关规定仍值得进一步探讨。本文围绕网络诽谤在司法解释中存在的问题展开论述，共分为引言和正文两部分，正文部分包括了四个章节。引言部分对当下网络诽谤犯罪的现状和困境作了简要介绍，提出了网络诽谤犯罪面临的几个问题，并简要阐述了本文的研究目的、研究方法和研究的意义。第一章节分析了网络诽谤产生的背景，比较了传统诽谤行为与网络诽谤行为的区别，网络诽谤比起传统诽谤成本更低、更隐蔽、危害性更大、传播速度更快，等特点。最后，介绍了网络诽谤犯罪的刑法回应及其存在的不足，对现有司法解释的不足提出了问题，指出本文研究的必要性。第二章节主要讨论了网络诽谤的行为主体和网络诽谤的行为方式问题。针对《解释》对于网络诽谤主体和行为方式的进行评析，提出目前司法解释存在的问题，对于我国法律未涉及的互联网内容供应商是否能够成为网络诽谤的主体进行了探讨。第三章讨论了网络诽谤与寻衅滋事行为、网络诽谤与言论自由、网络诽谤与侮辱行为的界限。首先，针对《解释》第五条的规定讨论了网络诽谤和寻衅滋事之间的关系；其次，对理论界关于法律与自由之间观点进行了评析，进一步讨论了网络诽谤和言论自由的界限；最后，针对网络诽谤和侮辱存在的重合部分进行了分析。第四章节主要分析司法解释关于网络诽谤法定情节的规定。对“情节严重”中关于点击、浏览和转载次数作为入罪标准的合法性和合理性进行分析；然后讨论了“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”中的部分情形所存在的错误，并对部分情形的抽象规定提出了自己的见解第五章在前四章分析的基础上，结合国外网络诽谤的立法例，针对网络诽谤存在的问题提出实际可行的完善建议。
[Abstract]:The rapid spread of the Internet for people's lives, work brings convenience, but also for criminal behavior opened the way. As a platform for information acquisition and communication, the Internet has been integrated into people's lives and become an indispensable part. Daily life, work and even some criminal acts have been printed on the Internet. Specific to libel, with the help of the network to fabricate and disseminate libel information network libel behavior suddenly, and continue to spread, the traditional libel has been unable to effectively curb the development trend of Internet libel. Therefore, in 2013, the Supreme people's Court and the Supreme people's Procuratorate had to promulgate the Supreme people's Court in response to the online libel act. The Supreme people's Procuratorate's explanation of some problems applicable to Criminal cases such as Defamation by using Information Network. (hereinafter referred to as "explanation"). This interpretation defines online libel and clarifies the specific circumstances of "serious circumstances" and "serious harm to social order and national interests". However, the hasty introduction of "explanation" has not completely solved the problem of Internet libel. Moreover, the relevant provisions in interpretation, such as transmitting 500 times as the standard of incrimination and maliciously reprinting the bad circumstances, are still worthy of further discussion. This paper discusses the problems existing in the judicial interpretation of Internet libel, which is divided into two parts: the introduction and the text. The text includes four chapters. The introduction introduces the current situation and predicament of the online libel crime, puts forward several problems that the Internet libel crime faces, and briefly expounds the purpose, research methods and significance of the research. The first chapter analyzes the background of Internet libel, compares the difference between traditional libel and online libel. Compared with traditional libel, Internet libel has the characteristics of lower cost, more concealment, greater harmfulness, faster transmission, and so on. Finally, it introduces the criminal law response to the crime of network libel and its shortcomings, puts forward the problems of the current judicial interpretation, and points out the necessity of this study. The second chapter mainly discusses the subject of internet libel and the behavior mode of internet libel. Based on the analysis of the subject and behavior of Internet libel, this paper puts forward the existing problems in judicial interpretation, and probes into whether Internet content providers, which are not covered by Chinese law, can become the subject of Internet libel. The third chapter discusses the network libel and provocative behavior, the network libel and freedom of speech, the network libel and insults. Firstly, the relationship between Internet libel and provoking trouble is discussed in accordance with the provisions of Article 5 of the interpretation; secondly, the views of the theorists on the relationship between law and freedom are analyzed, and the limits of Internet libel and freedom of speech are further discussed. Finally, the overlap part of online libel and insult is analyzed. The fourth chapter mainly analyzes the legal provisions of judicial interpretation of Internet libel. An analysis of the legality and reasonableness of the "serious circumstances" relating to the number of clicks, views and reprints as the criterion for incrimination; and then a discussion of the errors in some of the situations "seriously endangering social order and national interests", And put forward his own opinion on the abstract stipulation of some cases. On the basis of the analysis of the first four chapters, the fifth chapter puts forward practical and feasible suggestions for the improvement of the problems existing in the online libel by combining the legislative examples of foreign internet libel.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

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