论刑法中的特殊伤害

发布时间：2018-05-03 22:08

本文选题：特殊伤害 + 精神伤害　；参考：《西南科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,故意伤害罪呈现出犯罪方式复杂化、伤害个案多样化的发展态势,胎儿伤害、精神伤害、传播传染性病原体等特殊伤害情形增加,传统刑法理论上“伤害”的内涵和外延已经表现出不适应司法实践发展的需要,导致司法机关对于特殊伤害的认定显得“无所适从”,刑法学界对此也展开了激烈讨论。因此,有必要对于“伤害”概念的内涵与外延重新进行界定,对于上述特殊伤害情形进行研究与探讨。本文主要论述了伤害的含义、精神伤害、胎儿伤害、故意传播传染性病原体这四个问题,笔者在提倡尊重个人的价值,特别是精神价值,以及提倡全面保护人体健康的基础之上,提出笔者自己的观点。人体健康分为躯体健康和精神健康两个方面,伤害的客体应该包括精神健康权;以往的生理机能损害说无法囊括所有的伤害情形,因此采健康状态恶化说较为适宜。采用装神弄鬼、威胁、恐吓等精神刺激方式,致使他人大脑功能活动发生紊乱,出现认知、意志和行为等方面的精神功能紊乱或缺失,严重损害他人精神健康的,也应认定为伤害。另外,关于胎儿伤害,刑法应该承认胎儿的主体性地位,承认胎儿享有生命健康权益,并增设故意伤害胎儿罪。对于针对特定对象故意传播传染性病原体的行为,若传播可治愈的传染性病原体,应认定为故意伤害罪,若传播艾滋病等不可治愈的传染性病原体,应认定为故意杀人罪。最后,笔者认为,伤害概念具有再造必要性,以刑法的人文精神为基点,对伤害概念进行再造。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the crime of intentional injury has shown the complexity of the crime mode, the development trend of the diversification of injury cases, the increase of special injuries such as fetal injury, mental injury, transmission of infectious pathogens, etc. The connotation and extension of "harm" in traditional criminal law theory has shown that it does not meet the needs of the development of judicial practice, which leads the judicial organs to be "at a loss" in the determination of special injuries, which has been discussed intensely in the field of criminal law. Therefore, it is necessary to redefine the connotation and extension of the concept of "injury", and to study and discuss the above special injury situation. This paper mainly discusses the meaning of injury, mental injury, fetal injury, intentional transmission of infectious pathogens these four issues, the author is advocating respect for the value of the individual, especially the spiritual value, On the basis of advocating the overall protection of human health, the author puts forward his own views. Human health can be divided into two aspects: physical health and mental health. The object of injury should include mental health; the former theory of physiological function damage can not cover all the injury situations, so it is more appropriate to adopt the theory of deterioration of state of health. The use of mental stimulation, such as pretentious, threatening, intimidating, and other mental stimuli, resulting in disorders of other people's brain function, resulting in mental disorders or deficiencies in cognition, will, and behavior, which seriously impair the mental health of others, It should also be recognized as injury. In addition, with regard to fetal injury, the criminal law should recognize the subjective status of the fetus, recognize that the fetus enjoys the rights and interests of life and health, and add the crime of intentionally harming the fetus. For the behavior of deliberately spreading infectious pathogens to specific objects, if the infectious pathogens that can be cured are transmitted, the crime of intentional injury should be recognized, and the crime of intentional homicide if the transmission of infectious pathogens such as AIDS is incurable. Finally, the author believes that the concept of injury has the necessity of reengineering, based on the humanistic spirit of criminal law, to reconstruct the concept of injury.
【学位授予单位】：西南科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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