刑法的私法化问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-06 06:14

本文选题：刑法 + 私法化　；参考：《河北大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：长期以来，主流观点认为刑法是公法，然而刑法的补充性决定了刑法只能是保障法。随着理论与实践的发展，刑法逐渐出现私法化的倾向，其典型标志就是刑事和解制度的出现。刑事和解作为一种新生事物，具有纠纷解决的灵活性、自治性、实质性、长久性等特征，与传统纠纷解决方式截然不同；而且，刑事和解具有公正、效益的积极价值，能够更好地体现被害人的利益，提高诉讼效率，化解社会矛盾，但也有一定的消极影响。作为刑法私法化表现之一的被害人同意，仅指以没有被害人的承诺即以违反被害人的意思为构成要件内容的犯罪。被害人同意理论对刑法学特别是对犯罪论具有重要影响。另外，刑事责任实现方式的转变也是刑法私法化的表现之一。随着刑事法治的发展，轻刑罚化、非刑罚化逐渐取代传统的重刑主义占据主流地位，符合人道主义理念和国际潮流趋势。刑法私法化有着多方面的原因。其中，构建和谐社会、维护社会稳定以及宽严相济的刑事政策的施行是最为重要的原因。作为一种趋势，刑法私法化既有积极价值，又不可避免地对有罪必罚原则造成了一定的冲击，，与刑罚目的、罪刑法定原则、罪刑相适应原则以及法律面前人人平等原则存在一定的冲突。因而，有必要从宪法上对刑法私法化予以规定，以更好地发挥刑法的功能和作用。
[Abstract]:For a long time, the mainstream view is that criminal law is public law, but the supplement of criminal law determines that criminal law can only be security law. With the development of theory and practice, criminal law gradually appears the tendency of private law, and its typical symbol is the emergence of criminal reconciliation system. As a new thing, criminal reconciliation has the characteristics of flexibility, autonomy, materiality, permanence and so on, which is different from the traditional dispute resolution, and it has the positive value of justice and benefit. It can better reflect the interests of victims, improve the efficiency of litigation, resolve social contradictions, but also have a certain negative impact. As one of the manifestations of private criminal law, the victim's consent only refers to the crime that violates the meaning of the victim as the constitutive element without the victim's commitment. The theory of victim consent has an important influence on criminal law, especially on the theory of crime. In addition, the transformation of the realization of criminal responsibility is one of the manifestations of private criminal law. With the development of criminal rule of law, light punishment and non-penalty gradually replace the traditional heavy punishment doctrine, which is in line with the humanitarianism and the international trend. There are many reasons for the privatization of criminal law. The most important reason is the construction of harmonious society, the maintenance of social stability and the enforcement of criminal policy. As a trend, the privatization of criminal law has both positive value and inevitable impact on the principle of crime and punishment, as well as the purpose of punishment and the principle of legally prescribed punishment for a crime. There are some conflicts between the principle of adaptation of crime and punishment and the principle of equality before the law. Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the private law of criminal law from the constitution, so as to bring the function and function of criminal law into full play.
【学位授予单位】：河北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

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