未成年人刑事责任年龄不宜降低

发布时间：2018-05-11 18:32

本文选题：未成年人 + 刑事责任年龄　；参考：《南京师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：未成年人刑事责任年龄问题是一个随着国家的进步和发展越来越引起民众关注的问题。因为近年来未成年人实施恶性行为而导致犯罪的数目越来越多且情节越来越恶劣,致使社会民众对这一现象及问题的关心程度越来越高。随着未成年人犯罪的低龄化现象日益明显,未成年人刑事责任年龄起点是否应当降低也成为了一个争论的焦点。本文通过案例的介绍、对于未成年人刑事责任年龄起点是否应当降低学界存在的各种争议及学说的介绍,阐述了笔者对于未成年人刑事责任年龄起点不宜降低的观点以及相应的理由同时提出了为进一步完善相应制度可以采取的措施。第一章,提出问题。通过赵力宝案、湖南邵东女教师被三学生劫杀案、广西石桥村三姐弟被杀案以及覃某杀人肢解案提出本文的研究问题,即未成年人刑事责任年龄起点是否该当降低。第二章,我国未成年人刑事责任年龄起点的争议及评析。我国未成年人刑事责任年龄起点是否应当降低在学界存在着争议,分别是降低说、不变说、提高说和弹性说。降低说认为未成年人刑事责任年龄起点应当降低以适应当前社会的发展。不变说认为未成年人自身并没有因为物质条件的变好而达到相应的成熟程度,同时社会和学校等对未成年人走向犯罪有不可逃避的责任,未成年人刑事责任年龄的变动是社会不负责任的表现。提高说认为为了加大对未成年人的保护,刑事责任年龄起点应当提高。弹性说则认为对未成年人刑事责任年龄的规定应当在14周岁左右上下浮动6个月。第三章,我国未成年人刑事责任年龄起点不宜降低。笔者对未成年人刑事责任年龄起点是否应当降低这一问题进行了自己的探索和研究。首先,从理论方面对国际法、古今中外有关未成年人刑事责任年龄的规定以及刑事责任年龄的划分等方面进行探究;其次,通过对中国社会现状进行了探索并提出由于目前判断未成年人成熟的标准尚不明确、相关法律制度构建不全面以及未成年人犯罪相关处罚措施不健全,得出我国未成年人刑事责任年龄不宜降低。第四章,我国未成年人刑事责任年龄制度应对措施。基于社会现状我国未成年人刑事责任年龄不宜降低但应当采取相应的措施以完善未成年人刑事责任年龄制度,笔者据此提出了完善相对负刑事责任年龄制度、建立健全少年司法制度、完善保安处分措施、建立强制亲职制度、采用前科消灭制度以及充分利用和发展社区矫正制度等措施。
[Abstract]:The age of juvenile criminal responsibility is a problem that attracts more and more attention with the progress and development of our country. In recent years, the number of crimes committed by minors has become more and more serious, which makes the public pay more and more attention to this phenomenon and problems. With the phenomenon of juvenile delinquency becoming increasingly obvious, whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be lowered has become the focus of debate. In this paper, through the introduction of cases, whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should reduce the academic controversy and the introduction of the theory, This paper expounds the author's point of view that the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should not be lowered and the corresponding reasons and puts forward the measures that can be taken to further perfect the corresponding system. The first chapter, put forward the question. Through the case of Zhao Libao, the case of Hunan Shaodong female teacher being robbed and killed by three students, the case of the killing of three sisters and brothers in Shiqiao Village in Guangxi and the case of Qin Mou's murder and dismemberment, the author puts forward the research question in this paper, that is, whether the starting point of juvenile's criminal responsibility should be lowered. The second chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age starting point dispute and the appraisal. Whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility in China should be lowered is controversial in academic circles, namely, the theory of lowering, the theory of invariance, the theory of improvement and the theory of flexibility. According to the theory, the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be lowered in order to adapt to the development of current society. The same holds that minors themselves have not reached a corresponding level of maturity due to the improvement of material conditions. At the same time, society and schools have an unavoidable responsibility for minors to commit crimes. The change of juvenile's age of criminal responsibility is the manifestation of social irresponsibility. In order to enhance the protection of minors, the starting point of criminal responsibility should be raised. Flexibility says that the age of criminal responsibility for minors should fluctuate around 14 years of age for 6 months. The third chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age starting point should not be lowered. The author explores and studies whether the starting point of juvenile criminal responsibility should be reduced. First of all, from the theoretical aspects of international law, ancient and modern Chinese and foreign provisions on the age of criminal responsibility of minors and the division of the age of criminal responsibility, and so on; secondly, This paper explores the current situation of Chinese society and points out that the standards for judging the maturity of minors are not clear, the relevant legal system is not comprehensive, and the punishment measures related to juvenile delinquency are not perfect. Come to our country minor criminal responsibility age should not be lowered. The fourth chapter, our country minor criminal responsibility age system countermeasure. Based on the current social situation, the age of criminal responsibility of minors in China should not be lowered, but corresponding measures should be taken to perfect the age system of criminal responsibility of minors. Based on this, the author puts forward to perfect the age system of relative criminal responsibility. Such measures as establishing and perfecting juvenile justice system, perfecting security measures, establishing compulsory paternity system, adopting the system of elimination of criminal record and making full use of and developing community correction system, etc.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.1

【参考文献】