以暴力、威胁手段强迫他人提供贷款行为的定性

发布时间：2018-05-11 20:22

本文选题：抢劫罪 + 强迫交易罪　；参考：《湘潭大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：以暴力、威胁手段强迫他人提供贷款行为是指行为人以围困、殴打、捆绑等作用力对相关人或物实施有形伤害或精神强制为手段，强迫金融机构人员提供法律形式的贷款行为。该行为的特征主要表现在三个方面：行为人主观上具有故意，，行为客观上实施了暴力威胁等强迫行为，行为客体上侵犯了法律调整的法益。目前，关于以暴力、威胁手段强迫他人提供贷款行为的定性存在诸多争议，主要存在四种不同的学说，分别是抢劫罪说、敲诈勒索罪说、强迫交易罪说、无罪说，这四种观点都各据一方，其中理论涉及客观行为、主观目的、刑法出罪等。由于贷款作为金融服务中的一种市场交易行为，其天然的与强迫交易相关联，所以就必须对该行为所涉及的刑法理论问题进行剖析，这其中就包括需要厘清抢劫罪和强迫交易罪、敲诈勒索罪和强迫交易罪之间的区别和界限。对于以暴力、威胁手段强迫他人提供贷款行为的处理而言，法官应当从行为客观方面与主观方面综合考虑，不能因模棱两可的观念而妄下结论。详言之，首先贷款行为已经成为金融机构步入市场经济中一种很正常的市场交易行为，既然是市场交易行为，那么违反自愿公平原则进行交易的行为就应当纳入强迫交易罪予以规制；其次就行为主观方面而言，“非法占有的目的”不是一个肆意妄为的概念，它是处分意思与利用意思相结合的产物，如果以非法占有为目的，以借贷为名采用暴力、胁迫手段强迫他人提供贷款，符合刑法第二百六十三条或者第二百七十四条规定的，就应以抢劫罪或者敲诈勒索罪追究刑事责任。
[Abstract]:The act of forcing others to provide loans by means of violence or threat means that the perpetrator forces such as besieging, beating, binding and other forces to impose tangible injury or mental compulsion on the relevant persons or objects to force the financial institution personnel to provide loans in the form of law. The characteristics of this act are mainly in three aspects: the actor has intention subjectively, the act objectively implements the forced act such as threat of violence, and the object of the act violates the legal interests of the legal adjustment. At present, there are many controversies over the characterization of forcing others to provide loans by means of violence and threats. There are mainly four different doctrines, namely, robbery, extortion, forced transaction, innocence. The four views are based on one side, in which the theory involves objective behavior, subjective purpose, criminal offense and so on. As a kind of market transaction behavior in financial services, loan is naturally associated with forced transaction, so it is necessary to analyze the theoretical problems of criminal law involved in this behavior. This includes the need to clarify the distinction and boundaries between robbery and forced trading, extortion and forced trading. To deal with the act of forcing others to provide loans by means of violence and threat, the judge should consider comprehensively the objective and subjective aspects of the act, and should not jump to conclusions because of the concept of ambiguity. First of all, lending behavior has become a very normal market transaction behavior in the market economy of financial institutions. Since it is a market transaction behavior, Then the conduct of trade in violation of the principle of voluntary equity should be regulated by the crime of forced transaction. Secondly, in terms of subjective aspects of the act, "the purpose of illegal possession" is not a wanton concept. It is the product of combining the intention of punishment with the use of intention. If the purpose of illegal possession is to use violence in the name of borrowing and coercion to force others to provide loans, it conforms to the provisions of Article 263 or Article 274 of the Criminal Law. Criminal responsibility should be investigated for robbery or extortion.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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