吸毒行为入罪问题研究

发布时间：2018-05-14 15:38

本文选题：吸毒 + 入罪化　；参考：《湖南师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：吸毒行为是指非法吸食毒品的行为,“吸食”包括口吸、鼻吸、口服、注射等多种方式。世界上各个国家与地区根据各自的国情需要,对吸毒行为的法律定性及其处罚措施做出了相应的规定,主要有五种模式。第一种是将吸毒行为入罪,并配以相应的刑事处罚；第二种同样是将吸毒视为犯罪行为,但免去刑罚,取而代之的是医疗措施；第三种是刑事、行政立法相结合,即吸毒罪名成立,但仅处以行政处罚；第四种是对吸毒行为以违法论处,予以行政处罚；第五种是“荷兰体制”,即采取对硬性毒品严格禁止,对软性毒品有限开放两者相结合的策略。由于历史的变迁以及国情的需要,我国对吸毒行为的法律规定经历了由罪到非罪的反复过程。我国现行的《中华人民共和国治安管理处罚法》规定,吸食、注射毒品的人员要被处以行政拘留与罚款的措施,《禁毒法》对吸毒行为做出了三种处理方法：社区戒毒、自愿戒毒、强制隔离戒毒。这两部法律都表明吸毒行为属于行政调控范畴,不是犯罪行为。但是,吸毒行为不仅损害个人身心健康还具有严重的社会危害性,这几年吸毒人数迅猛增长,吸毒者年龄结构呈年轻化,由吸毒行为引起的犯罪行为事态大幅蔓延。现有戒毒体系由于各自所存在着不同程度的缺陷已经远不能解决此矛盾。文章试图以吸毒行为入罪为治理吸毒行为找到更好的出路。功利主义论、原因自由行为的可罚性和抽象危险犯等理论为吸毒入罪提供了理论基础。文章从这三个理论出发论证了吸毒入罪的可行性。另一方面,尽管笔者认为吸毒行为应当入罪,但由于吸毒行为毕竟不属于破坏性巨大的行为,因此笔者认为应将吸毒行为加以区别进行入罪,并处以合适的刑罚,以促进禁毒工作的开展和社会稳定的维护。综上所述,我国刑法应当确立“吸毒罪”罪名,并对吸毒罪的犯罪构成,法定刑做出具体规定。
[Abstract]:Drug-taking refers to illegal drug-taking, which includes inhaling, oral administration, injection and so on. Various countries and regions in the world have made corresponding provisions on the legal characterization of drug abuse and its punishment measures according to their own national conditions. There are mainly five models. The first is to criminalize drug abuse with corresponding criminal penalties; the second is to treat drug abuse as a criminal act, but without punishment, and to replace it with medical measures; and the third is to combine criminal, administrative and legislative measures. That is, the crime of drug abuse is found guilty, but only the administrative punishment is imposed; the fourth is to punish drug abuse as an offence and to impose administrative punishment; and the fifth is the "Dutch system", that is, the strict prohibition of hard drugs, The strategy of combining the two with limited openness to soft drugs. Due to the change of history and the need of national conditions, the legal provisions of drug abuse in our country have experienced a repeated process from crime to non-crime. The present Law of the people's Republic of China on the punishment of Public Security Administration stipulates that persons who smoke or inject drugs shall be subject to administrative detention and fines. The Drug Control Law provides three ways to deal with drug abuse: community detoxification, Voluntary detoxification, compulsory isolation. Both laws show that drug-taking belongs to the scope of administrative regulation and control, not a criminal act. However, drug abuse not only damages the individual's physical and mental health, but also has serious social harmfulness. In recent years, the number of drug users has increased rapidly, the age structure of drug users has become younger, and the criminal behavior caused by drug abuse behavior has spread greatly. The existing detoxification system has been unable to solve this contradiction because of their respective defects. The article tries to find a better way to deal with drug-taking behavior by criminalizing drug-taking behavior. The theory of utilitarianism, the penalty of cause free behavior and the abstract dangerous crime provide the theoretical basis for the crime of drug abuse. From these three theories, the article proves the feasibility of drug-taking incrimination. On the other hand, although the author thinks that drug abuse should be criminalized, but because drug abuse is not a destructive act after all, the author thinks that drug abuse should be distinguished and punished with appropriate penalty. In order to promote the development of drug control and social stability maintenance. To sum up, the criminal law of our country should establish the crime of drug abuse, and make specific provisions on the constitution of the crime of drug abuse and the legal punishment.
【学位授予单位】：湖南师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.14;D924.3

【参考文献】