中外终身监禁制度的比较研究

发布时间：2018-05-20 11:54

本文选题：终身监禁 + 刑罚体系　；参考：《中国社会科学院研究生院》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：终身监禁是一种非常残酷的自由刑,在世界上废除死刑呼声越来越高的今天,其正成为当代刑罚体系改革中替代死刑的主要选择。2015年8月29日通过的《刑法修正案(九)》首次将终身监禁制度引入我国的刑罚体系中,明确规定对于有贪污受贿行为的犯罪分子,在被法院依法判处了死刑缓期执行之后可以被依法限制减刑为终身监禁。改革开放以来的几十年里,我国对于刑罚体系的改革始终大步前进,在完善依法治国的过程中,我国的刑法理论界对于立法理念的革新也在与时俱进,不断进步。无论是在立法体系还是在司法实践中,我国着眼全球,立足本国实际,向着现代刑罚体系迈进。由于正值我国有关现代刑罚体系改革的变革期,《刑法修正案(九)》首次将终身监禁的刑罚制度引入了我国的刑罚体系,这引起了笔者的研究兴趣。本文试图通过比较分析的研究方法,翻阅有关终身监禁制度的文献资料,在分析域外国家终身监禁制度的法律适用之后,基于域外国家的立法规定和司法实践,弄清终身监禁制度在域外国家刑罚体系中的法律定位。利用比较研究得出来的经验教训,对于我国司法体制建设尤其是刑罚体系改革有着积极的意义。文章共分为四章:第一章从终身监禁制度的历史渊源进行介绍,简述了终身监禁制度发展并壮大的历程。同时介绍了我国现行的无期徒刑制度和终身监禁制度之间的区别,并对本文中提及的终身监禁制度进行了定义。第二章是对域外国家中有关终身监禁的立法适用介绍。通过审视大陆法系和英美法系对终身监禁的立法规定,比较域外各国相关法律适用的经验,分析其中的优缺点,找出立法的共性和有争议的焦点。第三章是对我国终身监禁的法律定位进行介绍,从司法程序和法律实践中明确其法律适用和存在的局限性。第四章是为了完善我国的终身监禁制度,以域外国家已有终身监禁的立法适用为借鉴,结合我国的司法体系的背景。对《刑法修正案(九)》中终身监禁的适用问题进行研究,在域外国家司法实践经验的基础上提出可行性的完善意见。结合本文中比较研究的结论,在我国的刑罚体系现行的刑罚体系中建立终身监禁制度,可以使我国的刑罚体系更加合理,有利于我国现代刑罚体系的建设,对我国的法制化建设的裨益不菲。
[Abstract]:Life imprisonment is a very cruel punishment of liberty. Today, when the world is calling for the abolition of the death penalty, It is becoming the main alternative to the death penalty in the reform of the contemporary penal system. The Amendment of Criminal Law (9), adopted on August 29, 2015, introduces the system of life imprisonment into the penalty system of our country for the first time. It is clearly stipulated that criminals who commit corruption and bribery may be restricted by law to life imprisonment after the death penalty has been suspended by the court. In the decades since the reform and opening up, the reform of the penal system in our country has been making great strides forward. In the process of perfecting the rule of law, the innovation of the theory of criminal law for the legislative idea is also advancing with the times and making continuous progress. Whether in the legislative system or judicial practice, our country focuses on the whole world, based on the reality of our country, and stride forward to the modern penalty system. Due to the reform of the modern penalty system in China, the Criminal Law Amendment (9) introduced the penalty system of life imprisonment into the penalty system of our country for the first time, which aroused the author's research interest. Through the comparative analysis of research methods, this paper attempts to read the literature about life imprisonment system. After analyzing the legal application of life imprisonment system in foreign countries, based on the legislative provisions and judicial practice of foreign countries, Make clear the legal position of life imprisonment system in the penalty system of foreign countries. Using the experience and lessons obtained from the comparative study has positive significance for the construction of our country's judicial system, especially the reform of the penal system. The article is divided into four chapters: the first chapter introduces the historical origin of life imprisonment system and briefly describes the course of development and expansion of life imprisonment system. At the same time, it introduces the difference between the current life imprisonment system and life imprisonment system in China, and defines the life imprisonment system mentioned in this paper. The second chapter introduces the application of life imprisonment legislation in foreign countries. By examining the legislative provisions of civil law system and Anglo-American law system on life imprisonment, this paper compares the experiences of overseas countries in the application of relevant laws, analyzes their advantages and disadvantages, and finds out the general character and controversial focus of legislation. The third chapter introduces the legal orientation of life imprisonment in China, and clarifies its legal application and limitations from judicial procedure and legal practice. The fourth chapter is to improve the system of life imprisonment in China, taking the legislative application of life imprisonment in foreign countries as a reference, combined with the background of our judicial system. This paper studies the application of life imprisonment in the Criminal Law Amendment (9), and puts forward some feasible suggestions on the basis of the judicial practice experience of foreign countries. Combined with the conclusion of the comparative study in this paper, the establishment of life imprisonment system in the present penalty system of our country can make the penalty system of our country more reasonable and beneficial to the construction of the modern penalty system of our country. The benefit to our country's legal system construction is not poor.
【学位授予单位】：中国社会科学院研究生院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.1

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