论中止自动性判断的规范主观说

发布时间：2018-05-21 10:03

本文选题：中止犯 + 责任减少　；参考：《法学家》2015年05期

【摘要】：对于中止犯的减免处罚根据,应当并合考虑责任减少和刑事政策,即在行为人基于己意放弃犯罪或者防止结果发生的场合,因为其责任减少,且从刑罚目的角度看预防必要性降低,对其就应予以奖励,这是"基于刑罚目的的责任减少说"。相比客观说和限定主观说,主观说更为合理。主观说不是伦理动机上的悔悟或规范意识觉醒,也不是我国学者所通常理解的心理学上的行为人认识,而必须被规范地理解。因此,在我国刑法学中提倡中止自动性判断的"规范主观说"就是必要的,即行为人内心放弃犯罪的"反常"意思决断能够被规范地评价为心态逆转,且有助于实现特别预防及一般预防目的时,才能认定其具有自动性。中止自动性判断从心理学主观说转向规范主观说,有可能使中止犯的成立范围受到限缩,但有利于实现积极的一般预防和特别预防的刑罚目的,保持责任论和刑罚论的一体性,也更符合体系思考的刑法方法论。
[Abstract]:The grounds for remission and punishment for the suspension of the offence shall be considered in conjunction with reduced liability and criminal policy, that is, in cases where the perpetrator renounces the crime on the basis of his own will or prevents the result from occurring, since his liability is reduced, From the point of view of the purpose of penalty, the necessity of prevention should be reduced, and it should be rewarded, which is "the theory of liability reduction based on the purpose of penalty". Compared with objective theory and limited subjective theory, subjective theory is more reasonable. Subjective theory is not repentance or the awakening of normative consciousness in ethical motive, nor is it the cognition of the actor in psychology, which is generally understood by Chinese scholars, but must be understood in a normative way. Therefore, it is necessary to advocate the "normative subjective theory" of suspending the automatic judgment in the criminal law of our country, that is, the "abnormal" meaning decision of the perpetrator to give up the crime in his heart can be evaluated as a reversal of the state of mind. It can be recognized as automatic only when it helps to achieve special prevention and general prevention purposes. From the subjective view of psychology to the normative subjective theory, the suspension of automatic judgment may limit the scope of the establishment of the suspended crime, but it is beneficial to the realization of the positive criminal purpose of general prevention and special prevention, and to the maintenance of the unity of the theory of liability and the doctrine of punishment. It also accords with the methodology of criminal law.
【作者单位】：清华大学法学院;
【分类号】：D924

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