环境监管失职罪之司法认定

发布时间：2018-05-23 13:15

本文选题：环境监管失职罪 + 司法认定　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,环境污染已成为制约我国经济社会发展的重要因素,环境关系人民的根本利益和民族发展的长远利益。当今社会,环境污染事故频发,其中固然有企业直接责任人员的原因,但更重要的原因在于环境监管部门执法不严,执法人员监管不力。因此,进一步加强环境监管力度,真正发挥刑法对环境监管部门及监管人员的威慑力和惩治力度,是有效遏止环境事故频发的途径之一。为制止环境监管部门执法不严和管理不力的现象,刑法条文中增加了"环境监管失职罪"这一新的罪名,并制订了与之相配套的司法解释。然而,本罪自实施以来,由于其自身规定的不足,导致其在司法实践中不能很好的发挥惩治犯罪的作用,这一现象的存在与我国从制度层面形成全社会资源节约、环境友好型发展的合力这一共同愿望不符。笔者基于从事职务侦查犯罪的便利及该罪的司法适用现状,就如何对本罪进行认定进行了阐述。本文具体分为以下三部分:第一部分主要介绍了环境监管的行为特点及犯罪成因。对本罪的犯罪属性进行了界定,即本罪在性质上属于渎职类犯罪而非环境犯罪,引出了本罪在司法认定中存在的争议。第二部分主要是对环境监管失职罪的法律适用情况进行了分析。对于如何界定"严重不负责任与不认真履行职责"进行了阐述;为了便于更好的理解本罪,还对本罪中的工作失职与工作失误进行了区分;并着重对本罪的因果关系、罪过、危害后果及本罪是否存在共同犯罪的情形进行了探讨,提出了自己的观点,通过分析得出了本罪在司法实践中存在法定刑配置过轻的情形;同时,为了严惩失职责任主体,明确了环境监管失职案件的立案管辖及诉讼标准,为下一步侦查机关更好的办理此类案件,提供了良好的建议。第三部分主要是针对文章第二部分提出的问题,笔者提出几点解决问题的建议,希望能给司法机关带来帮助。
[Abstract]:At present, environmental pollution has become an important factor restricting the economic and social development of our country, and the environment concerns the fundamental interests of the people and the long-term interests of the national development. In today's society, environmental pollution accidents occur frequently, of course there are the reasons for the direct responsibility of enterprises, but the more important reason lies in the lax enforcement of laws by the environmental regulatory authorities and the weak supervision by law enforcement personnel. Therefore, it is one of the effective ways to curb the frequent occurrence of environmental accidents to further strengthen the environmental supervision and control, and to give full play to the deterrent and punishment of the criminal law to the environmental supervision department and the supervisors. In order to put an end to the phenomenon of lax enforcement and weak management of the environmental supervision department, the article of the criminal law adds the crime of "environmental supervision dereliction of duty", and formulates the corresponding judicial explanation. However, since the implementation of this crime, due to its own deficiencies in the judicial practice, it can not play a good role in punishing crime, the existence of this phenomenon and our country from the institutional level to form the whole social resources saving. The resultant force of environmental-friendly development does not agree with the common aspiration. Based on the convenience of the crime of duty investigation and the current situation of judicial application, the author expounds how to identify the crime. This article is divided into the following three parts: the first part mainly introduces the behavior characteristics of environmental supervision and the causes of crime. The crime is defined as a crime of dereliction of duty rather than an environmental crime, which leads to the controversy of the crime in judicial cognizance. The second part is the analysis of the law application of the environmental supervision dereliction of duty. How to define "serious irresponsibility and failure to perform duties seriously" is expounded; in order to better understand this crime, the distinction is also made between the negligence of work and the failure of work in this crime, and the causality and guilt of this crime are emphasized. This paper discusses the consequences of harm and whether there is a joint crime, and puts forward its own viewpoint. Through the analysis, it concludes that the legal punishment is too light in judicial practice, and at the same time, in order to severely punish the subject of dereliction of duty, This paper clarifies the jurisdiction and litigation standard of environmental oversight negligence cases, and provides good suggestions for the next step investigation organs to deal with such cases better. The third part is mainly aimed at the problems raised in the second part of the article, the author puts forward some suggestions to solve the problem, hoping to help the judiciary.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.393;D924.36

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