共犯关系脱离理论及其司法适用

发布时间：2018-05-30 14:53

本文选题：共犯脱离 + 共犯中止　；参考：《苏州大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：共犯关系的脱离，是指共犯关系成立之后，完成犯罪之前，部分共犯切断与其他共犯之间的关系，退出该共犯关系，但其他共犯人基于新的共犯关系继续实施犯罪，并引起了当初的共犯关系所预谋的情形。共犯的脱离可以发生在共犯关系的任何阶段，具体包括着手实行犯罪之前、着手之后既遂之前、既遂之后三个阶段。共犯脱离既存共犯关系之后，对其他共犯基于新的共谋所形成的新的共犯关系而实施的犯罪行为及其结果，不承担刑事责任，仅对其脱离之前的行为承担罪责。目前，我国在司法实践中对共犯脱离情形的处理方式是：能够判断为中止的，成立中止犯；不能成立中止犯的，和其他共犯承担同样的罪责，脱离事实只是酌定从轻处罚情节。但是，这并不能解决实践中共犯关系脱离的所有问题，譬如在结果加重犯中，共犯在加重结果出现之前脱离的，即便法官经自由裁量酌定从轻处罚，最后的量刑结果仍可能过于严苛；而且，部分共犯脱离共犯关系，尽管一般是出于己意具有任意性，但并非完全如此，因而不能将共犯关系的脱离简单地认为是中止犯成立与否的问题。为了更好地处理此类问题，司法实践就有必要运用共犯关系脱离理论。实践中适用共犯脱离理论，既可以在定罪量刑方面尽力达到罪刑均衡，保证刑罚的公正；还可以给共犯人提供一条“回归之路”，，有助于特殊预防的实现，同时，一定程度上也有利于最大限度地保护面临侵犯或者已经遭受侵犯的法益。
[Abstract]:The separation of accomplice refers to the fact that, after the establishment of the accomplice relationship and before the completion of the crime, some accomplices sever the relationship with other accomplices and withdraw from the accomplice relationship, but the other accomplices continue to commit the crime based on the new accomplice relationship, And gave rise to the original complicity of the premeditated situation. The breakaway of accomplice may occur at any stage of the accomplice relationship, including three stages before, after, and after the commission of the crime. After the accomplice breaks away from the existing accomplice relationship, the other accomplices who commit the criminal acts based on the new accomplices formed by the new complicity and their results are not criminally liable, but only guilty of the behaviors before their secession. At present, in judicial practice, the way to deal with the circumstances of accomplice separation in our country is as follows: those who can be judged to be suspended, and those who cannot be suspended bear the same criminal responsibility as the other accomplices, and the circumstances of breaking away from the facts are only determined to be lenient. However, this does not solve all the problems of the separation of accomplices in practice, for example, in aggravated consequential offences, where accomplices leave before the aggravating result occurs, even if the judge, at the discretion of the judge, is given a lighter punishment, The final sentencing result may still be too harsh; moreover, although some accomplices break away from accomplices, although they are generally arbitrary, they are not entirely so. Therefore, the separation of accomplice cannot simply be regarded as the question of whether the discontinuance is established or not. In order to deal with this kind of problem better, it is necessary to use the theory of disconnection of accomplice relation in judicial practice. The application of the theory of accomplice separation in practice can not only achieve the balance of crime and punishment in the aspect of conviction and sentencing, but also provide a "way to return" to accomplices, which is helpful to the realization of special prevention, at the same time, To a certain extent, it is also conducive to the maximum protection of legal interests that are or have been violated.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D914

【参考文献】