被害人过错刑法意义研究

发布时间：2018-05-30 23:11

本文选题：被害人过错 + 刑法意义　；参考：《贵州民族大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国现行刑法典中并没有关于被害人过错的明文规定，只是在司法实践中作为一个酌定量刑情节。虽然被害人过错已经引起了理论界和司法实务部门的普遍重视，但也仅仅是停留在理论研究的层面，没有形成一个权威的学说，司法实践中也没有一个统一的标准，在认定被害人存在过错的案件时困难极大。因此，，将被害人过错作为一个法定量刑情节明文规定在刑法典中是理论界和司法实务部门亟待解决的问题。本文对被害人过错刑法意义的研究，希望可以引起刑法学界对被害人过错问题的重视，拓展刑法学理论的研究领域，同时，也希望司法实践中处理有关被害人过错的案件时，考虑被害人过错在犯罪中起到的作用，对犯罪人正确定罪量刑。本文也提到了一些对被害人过错立法的建议，虽然只是一些粗浅的认识，只是希望对以后被害人过错的立法提供一点微薄之力。本文共分为三个部分：第一部分是关于我国被害人过错相关概念的综述。首先，比较分析犯罪学、刑事诉讼法学以及刑法学等学科领域中被害人概念的界定，提出了本文被害人的概念，并进一步研究分析了被害人过错的概念。其次，从被害人过错的主体、被害人过错的主客观性、被害人过错时间的确定性、被害人过错的关联性、被害人过错要达到一定的程度等五个方面分析了被害人过错的特征，并对被害人过错进行分类。最后，概述了被害人过错在刑法学领域中影响定罪和量刑的意义。第二部分是被害人过错刑法意义的依据。被害人过错在刑法领域中的依据分为理论依据和规范依据。首先，研究分析了国内外关于被害人过错刑法意义理论根据的相关学说：责任分担理论、谴责性降低理论、主客观并和理论、期待可能性降低理论以及自我答责理论，并提出了保护法益的刑罚目的的理论。其次，列举了有关被害人过错在国外的立法经验，分别从大陆法系、英美法系两个个部分进行分析。第三部分是被害人过错在适用中的问题及解决建议。从法律规范和司法实践两个方面分析了被害人过错在适用中的问题。并从立法和司法实践两个方面提出了完善的建议。
[Abstract]:There is no explicit provision on the fault of the victim in the current criminal law of our country, but only as a discretionary circumstances of sentencing in judicial practice. Although the fault of the victim has aroused the general attention of the theory circle and the judicial practice department, but also only stays in the theoretical research plane, has not formed an authoritative theory, the judicial practice also does not have a unified standard, It is very difficult to find that the victim is at fault. Therefore, taking the fault of the victim as a statutory circumstance of sentencing is an urgent problem to be solved in the criminal code. In this paper, the author hopes that the research on the meaning of the criminal law of the victim's fault can arouse the attention of the criminal law circles to the problem of the victim's fault, expand the research field of the criminal law theory, and at the same time, hope that when dealing with the case of the victim's fault in the judicial practice, Considering the role of the victim's fault in the crime, the offender should be correctly convicted and sentenced. This article also mentioned some suggestions on the legislation of victim fault, although it is only some superficial understanding, just hope to provide a little bit of power to the legislation of victim fault in the future. This paper is divided into three parts: The first part is about our country victim fault related concept summary. Firstly, the author compares and analyzes the definition of victim in the fields of criminology, criminal procedure law and criminal law, puts forward the concept of victim in this paper, and further studies and analyzes the concept of victim fault. Secondly, it analyzes the characteristics of victim fault from five aspects: the subject of victim fault, the subjective objectivity of victim fault, the certainty of victim fault time, the relevance of victim fault, the fault of victim to a certain extent. And the fault of the victim is classified. Finally, the author summarizes the significance of the victim's fault in the field of criminal law. The second part is the basis of the criminal meaning of the victim's fault. The basis of victim fault in the criminal law field is divided into theoretical basis and normative basis. First of all, it analyzes the relevant theories about the theoretical basis of the criminal law meaning of the victim's fault at home and abroad: the theory of responsibility sharing, the theory of reprehensible reduction, the theory of subjective, objective and objective, the theory of expected possibility reduction and the theory of self-responsibility-answering. And put forward the theory of penalty purpose of the law. Secondly, the author enumerates the legislative experience of victims' fault in foreign countries and analyzes it from two parts: civil law system and common law system. The third part is the victim fault in the application of the problems and solutions. This paper analyzes the application of victim's fault from two aspects: legal norm and judicial practice. And put forward the perfect suggestion from the legislative and judicial practice two aspects.
【学位授予单位】：贵州民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924

【参考文献】