结果加重犯的因果关系判断——以被害人行为的介入为例

发布时间：2018-06-20 16:55

本文选题：相当因果关系 + 直接性要件　；参考：《政治与法律》2017年02期

【摘要】：在结果加重犯中,相当因果关系不能有效控制严厉法定刑的滥用,因此,有必要对结果加重犯的因果关系进行限定。借鉴德国刑法中的直接性要件,在结果加重犯的因果关系判断中,应当以直接的因果关系进行限定。关于直接性的具体判断,有两个基本规则,一是作用力规则,在介入因素对于加重结果的作用力显著轻微的场合,特殊危险的现实化并没有受到重大影响,因而危险实现的直接性不应当被否定;二是支配性规则,即在基本行为对于介入因素具有支配作用的场合,介入因素对于加重结果的贡献可以归责于基本行为。被害人的逃跑行为、自杀行为、拒绝治疗行为、不适当的自我治疗行为以及对第三者的营救行为等介入行为能否阻断加重结果的归责,应当根据这两个基本规则进行具体的判断。
[Abstract]:In the consequential aggravated offense, considerable causality can not effectively control the abuse of severe statutory punishment, so it is necessary to limit the causality of consequential aggravated crime. Drawing lessons from the elements of directness in German criminal law, the causality judgment of consequential aggravated crime should be limited by direct causality. With regard to the specific judgment of directness, there are two basic rules, one is the force rule, where the intervention factor exerts a significantly slight effect on the aggravating result, the realization of the special risk has not been significantly affected. Therefore, the directness of dangerous realization should not be denied; secondly, the dominant rule is that the contribution of the intervention factor to the aggravating result can be attributed to the basic behavior in the situation where the basic behavior has the dominant effect on the intervention factor. Whether the victim's behavior of escape, suicide, refusal of treatment, improper self-treatment and rescue of a third party can block the imputation of the result, Specific judgments should be made on the basis of these two basic rules.
【作者单位】：杭州师范大学沈钧儒法学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金青年项目“刑法中的自己决定权理论与实务研究”(项目编号:11CFX059) 浙江省高校重大人文社科项目攻关计划项目(项目编号:2014QN042) 2016年度杭州市社科规划“人才培育计划”专项课题(项目编号:2016RCZX30)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D924.1

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