论未成年人性权利的刑法保护

发布时间：2018-06-27 19:54

本文选题：未成年人 + 性权利　；参考：《中南林业科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：性权利就是人们在法律的规制下,能够实施自主性性行为和表达性意愿的权利。近年来,越来越多的未成年人被性侵害的案件随着媒体曝光而浮出水面,从而引发了社会各界对于未成年人性权利保护问题的广泛关注。我国现行刑法对未成年人性权利进行了相对较严的保护,但是目前仍然仍存在许多不足。本文通过深入分析性承诺年龄、保护对象、保护内容、保护法益四个方面存在的缺陷,并且提出相应的立法完善建议,希望可以加强刑法对未成年人的性权利的保护。笔者首先介绍本文的研究背景、研究现状、研究方法与思路。接下来论述未成年人性权利,明确未成年人性权利的含义。正所谓开宗明义概念先行,界定清楚概念是我们研究某一具体问题的前提,因此清楚界定未成年人性权利的概念是我们探讨对其权利进行刑法保护的前提和基础。本章节第二部分主要描述未成年人性权利受侵害的现状以及危害,这使得我们更加有必要探讨如何完善刑法对未成年人性权利的保护。笔者阐述了我国未成年人性权利的刑法保护现状,并在此基础上从性承诺年龄、保护对象、保护内容、保护法益四个角度来分析刑法保护的缺陷。我国目前对性承诺年龄线的设置较单一,应该借鉴港澳台地区立法模式,划分年龄阶段来设置性承诺年龄线。在保护对象上,存在两个方面的缺陷,即男性未成年人性权利的缺失；儿童性权利保护缺乏独立性。保护内容上,性自主权利立法模糊不清,性资讯权保护不健全,体现为网络犯罪中对未成年人性权利的保护不完善。在保护法益上,对未成年人性权利的保护存在严重失衡。最后笔者相应地从性承诺年龄、保护对象、保护内容、保护法益四个方面提出立法完善建议。首先关于性承诺年龄设置年龄上,分三个年龄段对未成年人性权利予以保护。在保护对象方面,笔者相应提出以下完善建议：完善男性未成年人性权利的刑法保护制度,具体包括扩大强奸罪的主体和对象,扩大猥亵犯罪的对象,扩大“卖淫”犯罪的对象三部分。同时,完善儿童性权利刑法保护的规定。第三,保护内容方面,明确未成年人性自主权利立法规定；加强对未成年人性资讯权利的保护,具体表现为健全网络色情犯罪方面的相关法律规定。在保护法益上,笔者相应地提出以下完善建议,从最大程度保障未成年人利益的角度来看,将包括组织、强迫未成年人卖淫、向未成年传播或利用未成年人拍摄淫秽音像制品等行为在内的所有直接或间接性侵害未成年人的相关犯罪都视为侵犯个人法益的犯罪,更能体现出对未成年人性权利保护的重视,同时将涉及卖淫行为的犯罪归入到侵犯人身权利的犯罪中。
[Abstract]:Sexual right is the right that people can carry out autonomous sexual behavior and express sexual will under the regulation of law. In recent years, more and more cases of minors being sexually assaulted have surfaced with the exposure of the media, which has aroused widespread concern about the protection of minors' sexual rights. The current criminal law of our country has relatively strict protection of the sexual rights of minors, but there are still many shortcomings. This paper analyzes the defects in four aspects: the age of sexual commitment, the object of protection, the content of protection, and the interest of protection law, and puts forward some suggestions to improve the legislation, hoping to strengthen the protection of the sexual rights of minors in criminal law. The author first introduces the research background, research status, research methods and ideas. Then discuss the sexual rights of minors, clear the meaning of sexual rights of minors. The definition of clear concept is the premise of our study of a specific problem, so clearly defining the sexual rights of minors is the premise and basis for us to explore the criminal law protection of their rights. The second part of this chapter mainly describes the current situation and harm of the infringement of minors' sexual rights, which makes it more necessary for us to explore how to improve the protection of minors' sexual rights in criminal law. The author expounds the present situation of the criminal law protection of the sexual rights of minors in China, and on this basis analyzes the defects of the criminal law protection from four angles: the age of sexual commitment, the object of protection, the content of protection and the benefit of protection. At present, the age line of sexual commitment in our country is relatively simple, so we should draw lessons from the legislative model of Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan to set the age line of sexual commitment by dividing the age stage. There are two defects in the object of protection, that is, the lack of sexual rights of male minors and the lack of independence of the protection of children's sexual rights. In terms of protection content, the legislation of sexual autonomy rights is vague and the protection of sexual information rights is not perfect, which is reflected in the imperfect protection of minors' sexual rights in cybercrime. In the interests of protection, there is a serious imbalance in the protection of the sexual rights of minors. Finally, the author puts forward some suggestions from four aspects: the age of sexual commitment, the object of protection, the content of protection and the benefit of protection. First of all, on the age of sexual commitment, three age groups to protect the sexual rights of minors. In terms of the object of protection, the author puts forward the following suggestions accordingly: perfecting the criminal law protection system of the sexual rights of male minors, including expanding the subject and object of the crime of rape, expanding the object of the crime of indecent assault, Expand the object of "prostitution" crime in three parts. At the same time, perfect the stipulation of the criminal law protection of children's sexual rights. Third, protect the content, clarify the legislation provisions of minors' sexual autonomy rights; strengthen the protection of minors' sexual information rights, the specific manifestation of the relevant legal provisions on the improvement of network sex crimes. In the interests of the protection law, the author puts forward the following suggestions accordingly, from the perspective of maximizing the protection of the interests of minors, it will include organizing and forcing minors to engage in prostitution. All crimes related to direct or indirect sexual aggression against minors, including the transmission or use of pornographic audio-visual products by minors, shall be regarded as crimes against the interests of the individual, It can reflect the importance of the protection of the sexual rights of minors, and the crimes involving prostitution are classified as crimes of violation of personal rights.
【学位授予单位】：中南林业科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.3

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