海峡两岸商业贿赂犯罪比较研究

发布时间：2018-07-04 10:20

本文选题：商业贿赂犯罪 + 职务要件　；参考：《山东大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：商业贿赂犯罪具有扰乱市场公平竞争秩序与腐蚀公职人员的职务廉洁性的双重社会危害性,需要加强刑法规制。大陆地区与台湾地区在法律文化上的同根性与差异性为两岸法律制度的比较提供了可行性与必要性。运用比较研究的法律方法对海峡两岸商业贿赂犯罪进行比较研究,可以拓展理论研究的路径、提升理论研究的广度和深度,为司法实践提供强大的智力支持；同时也可以借鉴台湾地区商业贿赂刑法治理的有效路径,弥补大陆地区现行刑法规范的不足,为经济社会发展创造良好的环境。作为本文研究对象的商业贿赂犯罪,作为本文研究对象的商业贿赂犯罪是指一切商业活动主体,在商业领域中给予或通过实施职务行为收受财产性利益的行为的总称。大陆地区商业贿赂犯罪圈涵盖刑法典中所有贿赂犯罪,台湾地区则包括刑法典、特别刑法“贪污治罪条例”以及“破产法”、“银行法”、“证券交易法”、“期货交易法”等特殊经济领域中的附属刑法中所规定的贿赂犯罪。商业贿赂犯罪的职务要件是研究商业贿赂犯罪的基本问题。但是大陆地区刑法典中未对其作明确界定,实践中亦存在内涵不明、认定不清的司法难题。应当借鉴台湾地区职务要件的规定,以“职务行为”取代“利用职务上的便利”作为受贿罪的客观要件,同时应对职务行为是否具有职责违背性进行区分、对违背职责的职务行为加重处罚。商业贿赂犯罪的利益要件是大陆地区理论与实务中面临的难题。“为他人谋取利益”要件的设置存在不足之处,应当进行检讨。应当参考台湾地区刑法的规定,以职务行为与贿赂之间的对价关系作为受贿罪认定的标准,而非以“为他人谋取利益”作为受贿罪成立的必要条件；同时对于为他人谋取不正当利益的情形应规定为受贿罪的加重量刑情节。身份要件是探讨商业贿赂刑法治理的必要维度。仲裁员所属组织的性质和仲裁行为的本质决定仲裁员不具有国家工作人员的身份。大陆地区现行法律的模糊规定与学说争议的莫衷一是导致仲裁员的法律责任陷入困境。借鉴台湾地区关于仲裁人员刑事责任的规定,以刑法修正案的形式增加仲裁员作为商业贿赂犯罪的主体,是大陆地区摆脱仲裁员责任困境的有效途径。两岸商业贿赂犯罪的比较对大陆具有重要的借鉴意义。两岸商业贿赂犯罪的比较研究启示我们商业贿赂犯罪应当由单一的刑法典集中规定模式向特殊领域附属刑法共同规定的综合立法模式转变；应当降低商业贿赂犯罪的入罪门槛、适度扩大商业贿赂犯罪圈；同时应当加重大陆商业贿赂犯罪的量刑。
[Abstract]:Commercial bribery crime has the dual social harmfulness of disturbing the fair competition order of the market and corrupting the official duty of public officials. It needs to strengthen the regulation of criminal law. The same root and difference of the legal culture between the mainland and the Taiwan area provide the feasibility and necessity for the comparison of the legal system between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. The comparative study of commercial bribery crime between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits can expand the path of theoretical research, enhance the breadth and depth of the theoretical research, and provide strong intellectual support for the judicial practice; at the same time, it can also draw on the effective path of the criminal law governance of commercial bribery in Taiwan and make up for the shortcomings of the current criminal law norms in the mainland. The economic and social development creates a good environment. As the object of this study, commercial bribery crime, as the subject of this article, refers to the general term of all commercial activities subject, the general term of giving or receiving property interests in the commercial field. The criminal circle of commercial bribery in the mainland covers the criminal law. In all the bribery crimes, the Taiwan region includes the criminal code, the special criminal law "corruption regulation" and the "bankruptcy law", "Bank Law", "securities trading law", "futures trading law" and other special economic fields in the subsidiary criminal law. The job requirement of commercial bribery crime is the study of commercial bribery crime. The basic problem of crime is not clearly defined in the criminal code of the mainland. In practice there are still unclear judicial difficulties in the practice. We should draw on the provisions of the position of the post in Taiwan and replace the "advantage of duty" as the objective requirement of the crime of bribery. At the same time, it should deal with the job behavior or not. There is a distinction between the duty violation and the aggravated punishment of the duty behavior that violates the duty. The important elements of the interests of the commercial bribery crime are the difficult problems in the theory and practice of the mainland. The setting of the requirements for "seeking benefits for others" has shortcomings and should be reviewed. The provisions of the criminal law of Taiwan should be taken as a reference to the duties and actions. The relationship between the price of the bribe is regarded as the standard of acceptance of the crime of bribery, rather than the necessary condition for the establishment of the crime of accepting bribes for others. At the same time, the circumstances of the aggravated sentencing of the crime of bribery should be stipulated in the case of obtaining the illegal interests for others. The identity element is the necessary dimension of the discussion of the criminal law governing the commercial bribery. The nature of the organization and the nature of the arbitral act decide that the arbitrator does not have the identity of the national staff. The vague provisions of the current law in the mainland and the dispute of the theory lead to the legal responsibility of the arbitrators to be in trouble. The provisions of the criminal responsibility of the arbitrators in the Taiwan area are used for reference to the form of the amendment of the criminal law. As the main body of commercial bribery crime, it is an effective way to get rid of the predicament of the liability of the arbitrators in the mainland. The comparison of commercial bribe crime between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits has important reference significance to the mainland. The comprehensive legislative model of the criminal law in the field should be changed; the threshold of the crime of commercial bribery should be reduced and the crime circle of commercial bribery should be expanded properly; and the sentencing of the crime of commercial bribery in the mainland should be aggravated.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.392

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