单位环境犯罪刑事责任研究

发布时间：2018-07-05 11:55

本文选题：单位环境犯罪 + 刑事责任　；参考：《浙江农林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：在我国经济飞速发展的过程中,由于自然资源的掠夺式开发,带来环境污染、生态破坏等诸多负面效应。采取行动保护环境已在国际上达成共识。许多国家均从实体法出发,即民法、刑法、行政法三个方面逐渐建立起环境保护法律责任体系。单位环境犯罪刑事责任具有强制性和严厉性的特点,一般作为环境保护的最后一道防线,位于环境保护法律责任体系的顶端,是责任体系中最重要也是最后的一个环节。为了充分发挥刑法对环境保护的保障功能,实现绿水青山就是金山银山的理想目标,有必要对环境犯罪刑事责任进行研究,其中单位是主要主体,单位环境犯罪刑事责任的研究有重要地位和意义。我国学界对单位犯罪或环境犯罪研究较多,也有诸多成果,但是在综合研究单位环境犯罪刑事责任方面则寥寥无几。就现有的研究成果而言,虽然已经有了很大的进步,但是仍然没有深刻把握环境犯罪的非传统犯罪属性,在传统犯罪观念的影响下对其进行矫治。具体而言,在刑事主体范围、归责原则以及责任实现方式上仍然带有浓厚的传统犯罪观、刑罚观、责任观色彩,未能针对环境犯罪在具体问题上所体现出的区别于传统犯罪类型的特点,具体分析对症下药,从而在单位环境犯罪刑事责任研究上缺乏特色与针对性。针对现有研究的不足,有必要在借鉴国外相关规定的基础上,懫取一定措施来完善我国单位环境犯罪刑事责任,通过区分单位环境犯罪与自然人犯罪,明确单位环境犯罪的本质,确定“双罚制”中的责任人员,提高司法效率;引入严格责任原则,减少主观方面认定的困难;增加单位资格刑设置、完善非刑罚措施以解决上述问题,最大限度促进单位环境犯罪的刑事责任的实现。
[Abstract]:In the process of rapid economic development in China, the predatory exploitation of natural resources has brought many negative effects, such as environmental pollution, ecological destruction and so on. International consensus has been reached on taking action to protect the environment. Many countries have gradually established the legal responsibility system of environmental protection from three aspects of substantive law, namely civil law, criminal law and administrative law. The criminal liability of unit environmental crime is mandatory and severe. Generally, as the last line of defense of environmental protection, it is at the top of the legal liability system of environmental protection. It is the most important and last link in the responsibility system. In order to give full play to the safeguard function of criminal law to environment protection and realize the ideal target of green water and green mountain, it is necessary to study the criminal responsibility of environmental crime, in which the unit is the main body. The research on the criminal liability of unit environmental crime has important status and significance. There are many researches on unit crime or environmental crime in our country, but there are very few in comprehensive research on the criminal liability of unit environmental crime. As far as the existing research results are concerned, although great progress has been made, there is still no deep understanding of the non-traditional criminal attributes of environmental crime, which is corrected under the influence of the traditional concept of crime. Concretely speaking, in the scope of criminal subject, the principle of imputation and the way of realizing responsibility still have strong traditional view of crime, view of penalty and view of responsibility. In view of the characteristics of environmental crime which is different from the traditional type of crime in specific problems, the author analyzes the appropriate remedy and lacks the characteristics and pertinence in the study of the criminal liability of unit environmental crime. In view of the deficiency of the existing research, it is necessary to take some measures to perfect the criminal liability of unit environmental crime in our country on the basis of drawing lessons from the relevant provisions of foreign countries, and to distinguish between unit environmental crime and natural person crime. Make clear the nature of environmental crime in units, determine the responsible personnel in "double punishment system", improve judicial efficiency, introduce strict liability principle, reduce the difficulty of subjective determination, increase the setting of unit qualification penalty, Improve the non-penalty measures to solve the above problems, and promote the realization of the unit environmental crime criminal responsibility to the maximum extent.
【学位授予单位】：浙江农林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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