死缓限制减刑应增设复权制度

发布时间：2018-07-05 07:30

本文选题：死缓限制减刑 + 长期监禁　；参考：《南京师范大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：《刑法修正案(八)》增设死缓限制减刑制度不仅为解决我国目前刑罚体系中“生刑过轻,死刑过重”的矛盾,体现宽严相济的刑事政策,而且是将死缓限制减刑制度作为我国限制乃至废除死刑后的替代刑,从而减缓目前司法实践中,大量“花钱买刑”、“花钱赎身”以及执行人员对死缓罪犯刑期执行违规操作的腐败现象。死缓限制减刑制度实施以来,可喜的是其确实达到了立法者预期中的一些目的与效果：一方面通过对最低刑期的规定,以及减刑权利的限制,改善了我国“生刑过轻”的缺陷,另一方面,其严厉的长期监禁,也大大抚慰了被害方的情绪,限制了死刑的适用。但与此同时,实践中限制减刑制度也带来了一定的负面影响。首先,从理论上来说死刑的废除并不需要替代刑,而长期的监禁刑也并不利于预防犯罪与增加刑法的威慑力。其次从实务上看,限制减刑制度对于服刑人员长期的关押以及减刑权利的剥夺,造成了大量服刑人员的绝望心理,从而导致服刑人员在服刑期间抵制改造,与监狱管理人员发生冲突,甚至重新犯罪。笔者认为,若想消除限制减刑制度的负面影响,关键在于给死缓限制减刑增设复权制度,给予服刑人员重新获得减刑或提前释放的希望,从而激发服刑人员的改造热情,消除限制减刑带来的消极后果。死缓限制减刑的复权制度指被判处死缓限制减刑的罪犯在刑罚执行期间,表现突出,有重大立功表现符合法定的条件下,则可以通过复权制度,由人民法院裁决撤销对其限制减刑的判决,恢复犯罪人适用减刑的权利。我国目前尚未建立完善的复权制度,死缓限制减刑复权制度的建立并不是一个单一的个体,而应当是一个整体程序的建立。首先应当将复权制度司法化,由司法机关主持,保证其实施的公平性与中立性,这是复权制度得以建立的基础。其次应当从事前立法化、事中程序化和事后监督三个方面建构复权制度,形成一个完整的整体,才能真正使得复权制度的功效得以发挥,促进死缓限制减刑制度走向成熟、合理。
[Abstract]:The Criminal Law Amendment (8) > the establishment of the system of deferral and limitation of commutation of sentence is not only to solve the contradiction of "too light birth punishment and excessive death penalty" in the present penal system of our country, but also to reflect the criminal policy of combining leniency and severity with punishment. Moreover, the system of deferral and commutation of death sentences is regarded as a substitute for punishment after the restriction or even abolition of the death penalty in our country, thus slowing down the current judicial practice of "spending money to buy punishment". "pay for your life" and corruption in the execution of penalties for death-reprieve offenders. Since the implementation of the system of restraining commutation of death penalty, what is gratifying is that it has indeed achieved some goals and effects expected by legislators: on the one hand, through the regulation of minimum term of imprisonment and the restriction of the right of commutation, it has improved the defects of "too light punishment" in our country. On the other hand, its severe long-term imprisonment greatly comforts the victim and limits the application of the death penalty. But at the same time, the restriction commutation system in practice also brought some negative effects. Firstly, in theory, the abolition of death penalty does not need substitute punishment, and long term imprisonment is not conducive to crime prevention and increase the deterrent force of criminal law. Secondly, from a practical point of view, the restriction of commutation system for the long-term detention of prisoners and deprivation of commutation rights, resulting in a large number of prisoners of despair, resulting in prisoners in prison resistance to reform. Conflict with prison officials, or even reoffending. The author thinks that if we want to eliminate the negative effects of the restriction commutation system, the key lies in adding the reinstatement right system to the death penalty suspension limit commutation, giving the prisoners the hope of getting the commutation or early release again, thus arousing the reform enthusiasm of the prisoners. Eliminate the negative consequences of curtailing commutation. The system of the right to reinstatement of the suspension of death penalty and the limitation of commutation of sentence refers to the criminal who has been sentenced to a reprieve to limit the commutation of the sentence during the execution of the penalty, and if he has performed significant meritorious service in accordance with the legal conditions, he may pass the system of restoration of the right to death The people's court shall rescind the sentence of restriction commutation and restore the offender's right to apply commutation. At present, China has not established a perfect system of reinstatement, and the establishment of the system of reversion of death penalty is not a single individual, but should be the establishment of a whole procedure. First of all, the judicial system should be administered by the judicial organs to ensure the fairness and neutrality of its implementation, which is the basis for the establishment of the reinstatement system. Secondly, we should construct the reinstatement system from the three aspects of prior legislation, procedure and supervision after the event, so as to form a complete whole, so that the effectiveness of the system can be brought into play, and the system of restraining commutation of death penalty will become mature. Reasonable.
【学位授予单位】：南京师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.1

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