特殊减轻处罚制度研究

发布时间：2018-07-09 15:53

本文选题：特殊减轻制度 + 困境　；参考：《华侨大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：许霆案为考察中国当下的法治、舆情和法学生态提供了一个极其难得的研究标本，最终渐归沉寂“得救”于特殊减轻处罚制度，应当说，该制度对实现罪刑相适应与量刑公正在理论价值上功不可没，有助于纠偏我国的重刑刑罚结构，保持刑法的适度弹性，提升刑事司法对公共舆情的应对能力。然而，其于现实司法中的运行状况极不乐观，呈现被虚置的困厄之境！这使得开展破除制度运行障碍、恢复制度应有生命活力的理论营救工作尤为迫切！鉴于此，，本文拟展开对特殊减轻处罚制度的研究和探讨，以期为制度的完善尽点绵薄之力！通过揭露制度被虚置的尴尬困境，即于数量上特殊减轻的案件寥寥无几，于操作层面被技术性规避，探寻酿成制度困境的成因。实体法的规定过于抽象，“案件的特殊情况”指代不明，不利于法官的识别和裁断。且程序方面“经最高人民法院核准”的规定过于严苛，制度的运行成本过高。核准程序具体规定的缺失，无法实现实体与程序的良性互动；同时，受重刑观念的渗透与笼罩，使法官这一制度的适用者会不自主、不自觉地加入重刑化的行列；法院内部的绩效考核机制更是给法官们施加了诸多的压力，使特殊减轻制度雪上加霜，于夹缝中生存！特殊减轻处罚制度的正当性考察旨在对制度的理论功能价值作出肯定。与罪刑法定原则的关系事关制度存活的基本命脉；互为主观讨论批判的可能性是法律解释客观性含义的阐释，特殊减轻制度有助于提升刑事裁判对舆情的回应能力；当然，也会裨益于我国重刑结构的重构，切合轻罚机制的构建。此外，制度也齐备了特殊减轻处罚的法理根据。接着，对制度组成要素“法定刑以下”、“减轻”等进行了规范层面的解释，这样，才能无碍于制度运行的畅通无阻。最后，是特殊减轻制度出路的探寻。制度运行的实体障碍是规定过于笼统难以把握，那么于修法前将已核准的典型案件进行类型化是其不二之选；核准程序过于严苛，将核准权限适度下放，是当务之急。同时，还应尽早完善核准程序的具体规定。唯有如此，才能真正释放出特殊减轻处罚制度的生命活力！
[Abstract]:The case of Xu Ting provides an extremely rare specimen of research for the investigation of the current rule of law, public opinion and legal ecology in China. Finally, it is gradually quieted down and "saved" by the system of special mitigations. It should be said, This system can not be ignored in the theoretical value of realizing the adaptation of crime and punishment and the justice of sentencing, which is helpful to correct the heavy penalty structure of our country, to maintain the moderate flexibility of criminal law, and to enhance the ability of criminal justice to respond to public opinion. However, its operation in the real justice situation is extremely not optimistic, presents the virtual situation of the plight! This makes it particularly urgent to carry out the theoretical rescue work to break down the obstacles to the operation of the system and restore the vitality of the system. In view of this, this article intends to launch the research and the discussion to the special mitigated punishment system, with a view to the perfection of the system to do little! By exposing the awkward dilemma that the system is fictitious, that is, there are few special cases in the number of mitigated, in the operational level by technical evasion, to explore the causes of institutional difficulties. The stipulation of substantive law is too abstract, "the special circumstances of the case" is unclear, which is unfavorable to the judge's identification and adjudication. And the procedure "approved by the Supreme people's Court" is too strict, the operating cost of the system is too high. The lack of specific provisions of approval procedure can not realize the benign interaction between entity and procedure, at the same time, the concept of heavy punishment permeates and shrouds, so that the judge who applies this system will involuntarily join the ranks of heavy punishment; The internal performance appraisal mechanism of the court exerts a lot of pressure on the judges, which makes the special relief system worse and survives in the gap! The purpose of this study is to confirm the theoretical value of the system. The relationship between the principle of legality and the principle of legality relates to the basic lifeblood of the survival of the system; the possibility of mutual subjective discussion and criticism is the interpretation of the objective meaning of legal interpretation, and the special mitigation system helps to enhance the ability of the criminal judge to respond to public opinion; of course, It will also benefit the reconstruction of heavy punishment structure and the construction of light punishment mechanism. In addition, the system also has a special mitigated punishment of the legal basis. Then, it explains the elements of the system, such as "below statutory penalty" and "lighten", in order to prevent the smooth running of the system. Finally, is the special relief system to explore the way out. The substantive obstacle of the system operation is that the provisions are too general and difficult to grasp, so it is necessary to type the approved typical cases before the revision of the law; the approval procedure is too strict and the approval authority is appropriately decentralized, which is an urgent matter. At the same time, the specific provisions of the approval procedure should be improved as soon as possible. Only in this way, can we truly release the vitality of the special mitigated punishment system!
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.13

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