帮助他人自杀行为的可罚性研究
发布时间：2018-07-21 15:44
【摘要】：生老病死是人类发展的自然规律，古今中外，自杀都是人类社会普遍存在的现象。特别是随着时代的进步，人们压力和人际关系矛盾的增加，自杀现象逐年攀升，帮助自杀行为的逐步出现，也进入了法律的视角。对于帮助自杀行为的法律性质，无论是刑法理论界还是司法实务界尚没有统一的定论。所以笔者通过对比我国和国外的立法状况、今时的司法现状以及理论界的各种争议，力图在我国现行刑法的框架之下，对帮助他人自杀的行为进行较为准确的法律定位。文章总共分四部分对帮助他人自杀行为的可罚性进行探讨。 第一章是对帮助他人自杀行为的概述。首先对自杀行为从主观方面、客观方面进行了严格的界定，自杀行为必须是有刑事责任能力的自然人在完全自主自愿的情况下做出的结束自己生命的行为，自杀本身缺乏刑罚可罚性。在此基础上，帮助他人自杀行为按照不同的分类标准可以分为精神上的帮助、物质上的帮助，积极的帮助、消极的帮助，单方自杀的帮助、相约自杀的帮助。 第二章讨论了帮助他人自杀的立法状况和司法现状。首先对国外关于帮助自杀行为的法律规定进行了整理和分析，接着分析我国的立法状况，，并将我国的立法状况与国外的立法状况进行对比分析。其次介绍分析了我国帮助自杀案件司法现状，列举了一些司法实践中的案例，分析实务中对帮助他人自杀行为的纷杂认定。 第三章介绍了理论对帮助他人自杀行为的不同观点。有观点认为帮助他人自杀行为应当按故意杀人罪处理，但理由又有所不同，有的学者认为应类推为故意杀人罪，有的学者认为帮助他人自杀行为完全符合故意杀人罪的构成要件，可以直接按故意杀人罪认定。还有观点认为帮助他人自杀行为不符合刑法规定的故意杀人罪的构成要件，刑法应当对其独立定罪。也有观点认为帮助他人自杀行为不具有可罚性，不构成犯罪。 第四章通过因果关系、不作为义务两个角度展开分析，认为帮助他人自杀不具有可罚性，并且从社会危害性、刑事违法性、刑罚应罚性和刑法的谦抑性角度论证了帮助他人自杀不具有可罚性的合理性。
[Abstract]:Life, old age, illness and death is the natural law of human development. Suicide is a common phenomenon in human society. Especially with the progress of the times, the increase of people's pressure and interpersonal relationship contradictions, the phenomenon of suicide is rising year by year, helping the emergence of suicide behavior, but also into the perspective of the law. There is no uniform conclusion on the legal nature of helping suicide, either in criminal law theory or in judicial practice. Therefore, by comparing the legislative status of our country and foreign countries, the current judicial situation and various disputes in the theoretical circle, the author tries to make a more accurate legal position on the behavior of helping others commit suicide under the framework of our country's current criminal law. The article is divided into four parts to discuss the punishment of helping others commit suicide. The first chapter is an overview of helping others commit suicide. First of all, a strict definition has been made on the subjective and objective aspects of the suicide act. The suicide act must be an act of ending one's life done by a natural person who has the capacity to be criminally responsible under the completely autonomous and voluntary circumstances. Suicide itself lacks penalty. On this basis, according to different classification criteria, helping others commit suicide can be divided into mental help, material help, positive help, negative help, unilateral suicide help, suicide assistance. The second chapter discusses the legislative and judicial status of helping others commit suicide. First of all, the foreign legal provisions on assisted suicide behavior are sorted out and analyzed, then the legislative situation of our country is analyzed, and the legislative situation of our country is compared with that of foreign countries. Secondly, it introduces and analyzes the judicial status quo of assisted suicide cases in China, enumerates some cases in judicial practice, and analyzes the complicated identification of suicidal behavior of helping others in practice. The third chapter introduces the different viewpoints of the theory on helping others commit suicide. There is a view that helping others commit suicide should be treated as intentional homicide, but for different reasons. Some scholars believe that the crime of intentional homicide should be analogous. Some scholars believe that helping others commit suicide fully conforms to the constitutive requirements of intentional homicide and can be directly determined by intentional homicide. It is also argued that aiding others to commit suicide does not conform to the constitutive requirements of intentional homicide, which should be independently convicted in criminal law. There are also views that helping others commit suicide is not punishable and does not constitute a crime. The fourth chapter through the causality, not the obligation to carry out the analysis, think that helping others commit suicide is not punishable, and from the social harm, criminal illegality, From the point of punishment and modesty of criminal law, it proves that helping others commit suicide is not punishable.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.34
本文编号：2135997
[Abstract]:Life, old age, illness and death is the natural law of human development. Suicide is a common phenomenon in human society. Especially with the progress of the times, the increase of people's pressure and interpersonal relationship contradictions, the phenomenon of suicide is rising year by year, helping the emergence of suicide behavior, but also into the perspective of the law. There is no uniform conclusion on the legal nature of helping suicide, either in criminal law theory or in judicial practice. Therefore, by comparing the legislative status of our country and foreign countries, the current judicial situation and various disputes in the theoretical circle, the author tries to make a more accurate legal position on the behavior of helping others commit suicide under the framework of our country's current criminal law. The article is divided into four parts to discuss the punishment of helping others commit suicide. The first chapter is an overview of helping others commit suicide. First of all, a strict definition has been made on the subjective and objective aspects of the suicide act. The suicide act must be an act of ending one's life done by a natural person who has the capacity to be criminally responsible under the completely autonomous and voluntary circumstances. Suicide itself lacks penalty. On this basis, according to different classification criteria, helping others commit suicide can be divided into mental help, material help, positive help, negative help, unilateral suicide help, suicide assistance. The second chapter discusses the legislative and judicial status of helping others commit suicide. First of all, the foreign legal provisions on assisted suicide behavior are sorted out and analyzed, then the legislative situation of our country is analyzed, and the legislative situation of our country is compared with that of foreign countries. Secondly, it introduces and analyzes the judicial status quo of assisted suicide cases in China, enumerates some cases in judicial practice, and analyzes the complicated identification of suicidal behavior of helping others in practice. The third chapter introduces the different viewpoints of the theory on helping others commit suicide. There is a view that helping others commit suicide should be treated as intentional homicide, but for different reasons. Some scholars believe that the crime of intentional homicide should be analogous. Some scholars believe that helping others commit suicide fully conforms to the constitutive requirements of intentional homicide and can be directly determined by intentional homicide. It is also argued that aiding others to commit suicide does not conform to the constitutive requirements of intentional homicide, which should be independently convicted in criminal law. There are also views that helping others commit suicide is not punishable and does not constitute a crime. The fourth chapter through the causality, not the obligation to carry out the analysis, think that helping others commit suicide is not punishable, and from the social harm, criminal illegality, From the point of punishment and modesty of criminal law, it proves that helping others commit suicide is not punishable.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.34
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本文编号：2135997
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