单位犯罪成立范围“法定”原则的逻辑证伪与立法超越——以“《刑法》第30条的解释”为切入点

发布时间：2018-07-28 10:05

【摘要】：围绕单位实施法律未明文规定的自然人犯罪时单位与单位成员的刑事责任问题,《全国人大常委会关于〈中华人民共和国刑法〉第三十条的解释》(以下简称《解释》)规定应追究单位成员的自然人刑事责任,但却间接抵牾单位犯罪成立范围"法定"原则,并与单罚制相混淆。理论上的否定说不可取,肯定说已被确认,立法完善说是发展方向。单位犯罪的刑事归责遵循事实与规范并合理念,是客观(行为)责任归属与主观责任归属的有机统一,是化解《解释》难题的法理重构之举。单位犯罪成立范围应无立法禁区,并应同步将单位犯罪概念与成立条件予以立法化,统一双罚制、统一单位和自然人实施相同犯罪的处罚标准,用法人犯罪置换单位犯罪的话语体系。
[Abstract]:The interpretation of Article 30 of the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China by the standing Committee of the National people's Congress on the Criminal Law of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as "interpretation") revolves around the criminal liability of units and members of natural persons who are not explicitly prescribed by the law when committing crimes committed by units. Providing for the criminal liability of natural persons who are members of the unit, But indirectly contradicts the legal principle of the scope of unit crime, and is confused with the system of single punishment. The theory of negation is not desirable, the theory of affirmation has been confirmed, and the theory of legislative perfection is the direction of development. The criminal imputation of unit crime follows the concept of combination of facts and norms. It is an organic unity of objective (behavioral) responsibility attribution and subjective responsibility attribution. It is also a legal reconstruction to resolve the difficult problem of interpretation. The scope of unit crime should have no legislative forbidden zone, and the concept and conditions of unit crime should be legislated at the same time, the system of double punishment should be unified, and the punishment standard of unit and natural person should be unified. The use of crime replaces the discourse system of unit crime.
【作者单位】：北京师范大学刑事法律科学研究院;
【基金】：司法部中青年课题(16SFB3020) 最高人民检察院理论研究所课题(GJ2016D41) 广东省地方立法研究高校联盟青年立法资助项目
【分类号】：D924.1

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