论自杀参与行为的刑事责任

发布时间：2018-08-11 20:45

【摘要】：自杀问题一直是困扰人类社会的一大问题,尤其是随着社会的发展,生活节奏的加快,自杀现象在很多国家和地区都有所增加,自杀行为本身并不构成犯罪已经成为共识,但是越来越多发生的介入到他人自杀之中的行为应当如何评价就成为一个值得研究的问题,尤其我国刑法没有对这一行为的明确规定,使得对这一行为的评价一直存在极大争议,在刑法理论上对这一问题的处理总体来上来说存在三种观点,一是作为故意杀人罪进行定罪处罚,二是认为不能构成犯罪,三是建议修改我国刑法,设立单独的自杀参与罪,在刑事司法之中,此类案件一般也按照故意杀人罪进行处理,但是由于这一行为和故意杀人罪在构成要件上并不相同,法院在判决中也缺乏充分的论证过程,所以难免有违反罪刑法定原则之嫌,也严重影响了司法的权威。本文通过对这一行为相关问题进行分析,以期能够为我国司法实践对此问题的处理以及刑法相关问题的完善提供一定的借鉴。第一章是对自杀参与行为概念的厘清,在对自杀这一概念进行规范意义上的解释的基础上,对教唆自杀、帮助自杀和相约自杀这三种实践中最为常见的自杀参与行为类型从内涵和外延两个方面进行了界定;第二章是对自杀参与行为可罚性的分析,在对自杀行为的法律性质予以认定的基础上,通过对其中的参与行为是否具有可罚性两种截然不同观点的评析,得出这一行为是否具有可罚性的关键在于其所具有的社会危害性;第三章则对自杀参与行为的性质进行了具体的认定:教唆自杀和帮助自杀这两种行为类型都不符合故意杀人罪的犯罪构成,但是从实质的违法性角度来看,前者应当单独入罪,后者不应当构成犯罪,相约自杀行为应当根据不同情况具体分析,除包含教唆自杀行为以及符合不作为犯罪构成要件的情况外,其余不应构成犯罪。
[Abstract]:Suicide has always been a major problem in human society, especially with the development of society and the acceleration of the pace of life, the phenomenon of suicide has increased in many countries and regions, suicide itself does not constitute a crime has become a consensus. However, it is worth studying how more and more people commit suicide should be evaluated, especially the criminal law of our country does not have a clear stipulation on this behavior. The evaluation of this behavior has always been highly controversial. There are three views on the handling of this problem in the criminal law theory, one is to punish the crime of intentional homicide, the other is to think that it cannot constitute a crime. Third, it is suggested to amend our criminal law and establish a separate crime of suicide participation. In criminal justice, such cases are generally dealt with in accordance with the crime of intentional homicide, but because of this act and the crime of intentional homicide in the constitutive elements are not the same. There is also a lack of sufficient argumentation in the judgment of the court, so it is unavoidable to violate the principle of legality of a crime, which seriously affects the authority of the judiciary. Through the analysis of this problem, this paper hopes to provide some reference for the judicial practice of our country to deal with the problem and the improvement of the criminal law. The first chapter is to clarify the concept of suicide participation, on the basis of a normative explanation of the concept of suicide, on the basis of abetting suicide, The types of suicidal participation, which are the most common types in the practice of helping suicide and committing suicide in agreement, are defined from two aspects: connotation and extension. The second chapter is the analysis of the punishment of suicide participation. Based on the determination of the legal nature of suicide, this paper analyzes whether the participation in the act is punishable or not. The key to draw the conclusion that the behavior has the punishment is its social harmfulness; The third chapter makes a specific determination on the nature of suicidal participation: the two types of behavior, abetting suicide and aiding suicide, do not conform to the criminal constitution of intentional homicide, but from the angle of substantive illegality, the former should be criminalized separately. The latter should not constitute a crime, and the act of committing suicide by agreement should be analyzed according to different circumstances. It should not constitute a crime except that it contains the act of abetting suicide and meets the constitutive requirements of the crime of omission.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.3

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