论渎职罪中的“重大损失”

发布时间：2018-08-19 10:18

【摘要】：渎职罪与贪污罪都是随着国家公权力的出现而螺旋相伴的腐败犯罪。在理论研究方面,渎职罪中“重大损失”的物质性损失与非物质性损失之界定、地位之确定、原因力之选择等争议问题并未在学术界达成统一的共识,从而导致“重大损失”理论不能完全指导司法实践,甚至在办理具体渎职类案件时出现尴尬局面。由此,对“重大损失”诸多问题予以正确认定,对于完善渎职罪的学术研究及立法经验,并解决司法实践中的疑难问题,都具有重大意义。当然,渎职罪中的“重大损失”本身有相当多的问题需要探讨,由于篇幅所限,本文选择诸如渎职罪中“重大损失”的界定、地位、原因力及计算期限等实践难题进行实证研究,并通过对渎职罪中“重大损失”的梳理找出对司法实践有所裨益的认定思路及方法。本文主要由四部分组成:第一部分是本文论述的重点,主要对“重大损失”中的物质性损失中的人身伤亡类损失和经济类损失与非物质性损失中的“社会影响恶劣”分别进行界定。在界定过程中应注意,“重大损失”应具有一定的表现形态,并且在定罪时也应排除案外因素的影响。第二部分对分析“重大损失”在渎职罪中的地位的各种学说的基础上,进而认为“重大损失”应作为渎职罪中的危害后果才符合我国刑法的基本理论;第三部分在探究我国现有体制的基础上,应引用监督过失理论和疫学理论辅助“条件说”解决“重大损失”原因力认定中的难题;第四部分对“重大损失”起算期限及追诉期间相关问题进行认定,“重大损失”的起算期限应以渎职犯罪及相关犯罪立案时的时间为准,“重大损失”的危害结果发生之日应理解为犯罪成立之日。
[Abstract]:The crime of dereliction of duty and the crime of corruption are accompanied by the appearance of national public power. In the theoretical research, the definition of material loss and non-material loss in the crime of dereliction of duty has not reached a unified consensus in academic circles, such as the definition of material loss and non-material loss, the determination of status, the choice of causative force, etc. As a result, the theory of "heavy loss" can not completely guide judicial practice, even when dealing with specific cases of malfeasance, there is an awkward situation. Therefore, it is of great significance to correctly identify many problems of "great loss" for perfecting academic research and legislative experience of dereliction of duty, and to solve the difficult problems in judicial practice. Of course, the "heavy loss" in the crime of dereliction of duty itself has a considerable number of problems to be discussed. Due to space constraints, this paper chooses the definition and status of "significant loss" in the crime of dereliction of duty. This paper makes an empirical study on the practical problems such as the causative force and the calculation period, and finds out the ways and means of identifying the "heavy losses" in the crime of dereliction of duty, which are beneficial to the judicial practice. This paper is mainly composed of four parts: the first part is the focus of this paper, This paper mainly defines the loss of personal injury and death in the material loss in the "heavy loss" and the "bad social impact" in the loss of the economy and the non-material loss respectively. In the process of defining, we should pay attention to the fact that "heavy loss" should have a certain form of expression and exclude the influence of factors outside the case when convicted. On the basis of analyzing the position of "heavy loss" in the crime of dereliction of duty, the second part holds that the "great loss" should be regarded as the harmful consequence of the crime of dereliction of duty in accordance with the basic theory of criminal law of our country. In the third part, on the basis of exploring the existing system of our country, we should use the theory of supervision fault and the theory of epidemic science to assist the "condition theory" to solve the problems in the determination of the cause of "heavy loss". In the fourth part, the starting period of "significant loss" and the relevant problems during the prosecution period are determined. The starting period of "significant loss" shall be based on the time when the crime of dereliction of duty and the relevant crime is put on file. The date of the harmful result of "heavy loss" shall be understood as the date of the establishment of the crime.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：D924.393

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