论报应主义刑罚的积极价值

发布时间：2018-09-08 17:54

【摘要】：报应主义刑罚观念是刑法针对已然犯罪行为的应答,这使得它难以产生出面向未来的效果,因此,针对报应主义的批评主要是认为它不具有社会治理的效果,是一种消极的甚至是一种纯粹破坏性的刑罚观念。为了回应这一质疑,必须回归到报应主义的内涵,即一种蕴含着确认公民自由的报应主义刑罚理念。如果为了回应对报应主义刑罚消极性的批评,仅仅考虑报应主义在建构国家与法的合法根据上的积极价值,则将潜藏着维护法之权威优越于确认自由的危险。因此,有必要进入报应主义的另一维度,即从实践具体正义的角度——恢复到一种平等状态,以发掘其积极价值。在这一维度,报应主义刑罚观的价值在于使被害人能够作为一方积极主体参与刑罚基准权的博弈,从而使法对正义的追求不再体现为纯粹的结果性要求,而是一种实践性机制,在这一点上,古老的复仇法则为这种参与提供了值得参考的刑罚价目表。
[Abstract]:The concept of retribution penalty is the response of criminal law to the crime, which makes it difficult to produce the effect of coming forward to the future. Therefore, the criticism of retribution is that it does not have the effect of social governance. It is a negative and even a purely destructive concept of punishment. In order to respond to this query, we must return to the connotation of retribution doctrine, that is, a retribution doctrine containing the penalty idea of affirming civil liberties. In order to respond to the criticism of the negative penalty of retribution, considering the positive value of retribution in the legal basis of the construction of the state and the law, the authority of preserving the law will be superior to the danger of affirming freedom. Therefore, it is necessary to enter another dimension of retribution, that is, to restore to a state of equality from the point of view of practical justice, in order to discover its positive value. In this dimension, the value of retribution penalty view lies in enabling the victim to participate in the game of penalty benchmark right as an active subject, so that the pursuit of justice by law is no longer a pure result requirement, but a practical mechanism. At this point, the ancient law of revenge provides a price list of penalties for such participation.
【作者单位】：华东师范大学法律系;
【基金】：作者主持的教育部人文社科基金青年项目“超法规的责任阻却事由要素的体系构建——重返‘以人为本'的报应主义指导思路”的阶段性成果。(13YJC820071)
【分类号】：D914

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