行贿罪之“谋取不正当利益”的法理内涵

发布时间：2018-11-14 08:14

【摘要】："谋取不正当利益"是行贿罪解释论的核心问题。为了实现行贿罪的法益保护目的,保证行贿罪构成要件结构的完整性,应当将解释方向由行为人一端转换到国家工作人员一端,将国家工作人员是否违背职务作为判断行为人所谋取的利益是否正当的标准。由此,在立法文字上缺失的"违背职务与给予财物之间的对价关系",就在解释论上被建构起来,被补充进行贿罪的构成要件。国家工作人员违背职务,包括违反规则与违背原则两种形式。在适用2012年"两高"《关于办理行贿刑事案件具体应用法律若干问题的解释》第12条第1款时,可以抛弃前段中关于实体违法利益的无益规定;在适用该条第2款时,应当注意规范对象已由行为人回归到国家工作人员,注意"酌情决定"与任意处置性职务行为的区分,注意违背公平、公正原则与"竞争优势"之间的关系。
[Abstract]:Seeking improper interests "is the core issue of the explanation theory of bribery crime." In order to achieve the purpose of legal interest protection of bribery crime and to ensure the integrity of the structure of the constitutive elements of bribery crime, the direction of interpretation should be transferred from one end of the perpetrator to one end of the state functionary. Whether the state functionaries violate their duties is regarded as the criterion to judge whether the interests obtained by the doers are justified. Therefore, the absence of the relationship between the breach of duty and the giving of property in the legislative writing has been constructed in the interpretation theory and added to the constitutive elements of the crime of bribery. State functionaries violate their duties, including violation of rules and principles. In the application of article 12, paragraph 1, of the 2012 "two High" interpretation on the specific application of the law in criminal cases of bribery ", the unhelpful provisions of the preceding paragraph on the illegal interests of entities may be abandoned; In applying paragraph 2 of that article, attention should be paid to the return of the object of the norm from the perpetrator to a State official, to the distinction between "as appropriate" and to acts of arbitrary disposition, and to the violation of fairness, The relationship between the principle of justice and competitive advantage.
【作者单位】：北京大学法学院;
【分类号】：D924.392

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