安全生产监督过失刑事责任研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 10:02

【摘要】：当前我国对于安全生产监管者的责任追究,存在着“距离现场越远,越没有责任”的不合理的现象,而仅有的责任追究,要么是行政责任,要么是以玩忽职守罪论。然而,这两种责任追究方式都存在实践盲区和理论误区,一方面,对于安全生产事故责任人员以党纪处分或行政处分来替代刑事责任,不仅缺乏威慑力,无法遏制此类事故的发生,也有包庇的嫌疑；另一方面,将安全生产监管者的监管责任与渎职责任相混淆,简单地以玩忽职守罪论,会造成罪责刑不相一致,违背罪刑相当原则。 20世纪60年代以来,为了解决重大灾难性事故中负有监督义务的监管者的过失责任问题,日本、德国等学者提出了监督过失理论。传统的过失理论在解决责任事故问题时面临重大挑战,已不能适应当前的需要,监督过失理论为我们提供了一种新的思路。引入监督过失理论,不仅可以促进过失理论的发展,还可以合理的确定责任事故犯罪中监管者的刑事责任,纠正我国当前在立法和司法实践中存在的偏差。引入监督过失理论后,为了更好的追究安全生产监管者的刑事责任,可以在刑法中增设“安全生产监督过失罪”。当然,由于监督过失理论是在危惧感说的基础上提出的,其存在扩大犯罪可能的风险,为了克服这一缺陷,需要引入信赖原则来对其适用范围加以限制。
[Abstract]:At present, there is an unreasonable phenomenon that "the farther away from the scene, there is no responsibility" in our country's responsibility investigation for the supervisor of production safety, and the only responsibility investigation is either administrative responsibility or the theory of neglect of duty. However, both of these two methods of accountability have practical blind spots and theoretical misunderstandings. On the one hand, the party discipline punishment or administrative punishment is not only lack of deterrent power for the party discipline punishment or administrative punishment to replace the criminal responsibility for the personnel responsible for safety accidents. Unable to contain the occurrence of such an accident, there is also a cover suspect; On the other hand, confusing the supervision responsibility of the safety production supervisor with the malfeasance duty, simply according to the theory of dereliction of duty, will result in the inconsistency of the criminal responsibility and punishment, and the violation of the principle of the equivalence of the crime and punishment. Since the 1960s, in order to solve the problem of the fault liability of the supervisor who has the supervision obligation in the catastrophic accident, Japan, Germany and other scholars have put forward the theory of oversight negligence. The traditional fault theory is faced with great challenge in solving the problem of liability accident and can not meet the current needs. The theory of supervision fault provides us with a new way of thinking. Introducing the theory of supervisory negligence can not only promote the development of fault theory, but also reasonably determine the criminal responsibility of the supervisor in the crime of accident of responsibility, and correct the deviation existing in the legislation and judicial practice of our country at present. After introducing the theory of supervisory negligence, in order to investigate the criminal responsibility of the supervisor of production safety better, we can add "the crime of excessive negligence in the supervision of production safety" in the criminal law. Of course, since the theory of supervisory negligence is put forward on the basis of the theory of fear and fear, it has the risk of expanding the crime. In order to overcome this defect, the principle of trust should be introduced to limit its scope of application.
【学位授予单位】：江西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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