非法集资犯罪刑法规制研究

发布时间：2019-01-04 08:11

【摘要】：伴随着我国改革开放的脚步和市场经济体制的逐步建立和完善,非公有制经济得到了快速发展,使得私营经济和市场个体对资金的需求与日俱增,而正规的金融体系又不能满足市场资金需求,并与急剧增长的市场供给产生难以调和的矛盾,因此,全国大量的非法集资犯罪活动相继迸发,并自上个世纪九十年代以来呈现出专业化、系统化的特征,而类型各异的非法集资犯罪严重扰乱了我国金融市场的管理秩序,并且愈演愈烈。针对迅速扩张的非法集资犯罪活动,97刑法正式明确了非法集资类犯罪的法规,随后司法机关、行政机关围绕刑法及相关附属法案出台了大量的司法解释和行政法律、部门规章,在短时间内客观上打击了非法集资犯罪活动。但从过去二十年来的实践效果看,尤其是近年来社会上不断爆发的一系列争议较大的典型案件,如,吴英案、曾成杰案等一系列集资大案更是在经济转型的背景下将该法规的争议性问题推上了舆论的高潮。一方面,则体现了我国司法机关对非法集资犯罪严厉打击的决心,另一方面,反映出其市场经济体制下民营企业巨大的融资困难、现行金融信贷体系和法律规制之间的巨大矛盾。目前,我国对于非法集资犯罪的法律规制一般规定在民法、行政法和刑法的范围当中,特别是近几年国家严打非法集资行为的决心日趋坚定,并将刑法作为介入非法集资监管时的首要法规。然而在如此严厉的刑法处置下带来的实践效果却不尽如意,一方面,导致刑事规制非法集资犯罪呈现扩大化倾向,有悖于刑法谦抑性原则,另一方面,也未能给民间融资预留合理空间,从而阻碍了民间金融经济的发展。因此,在这种非法集资犯罪屡禁不止的态势下,为了保障金融秩序的正常运转,本文将以刑法谦抑性的法律原则为基础,首先从概念的角度出发,全面梳理非法集资犯罪的基本概述和整个规制非法集资犯罪的立法沿革,尤其是刑法规制。其次结合大量的非法集资案例,分析此类犯罪产生的根源以及打击这类型犯罪刑法规制的必要性和限度。再次,通过我国对非法集资行为相关刑法规制的立法适用情况和产生的司法实践不足进行比照,分析我国刑法规制非法集资行为的弊端。最后,在此基础上提出完善非法集资刑法规制的建议,从立法构造与司法适用情况上展开,完善相关刑法规制的措施,从而规范金融市场秩序,促进经济的发展。
[Abstract]:With the pace of China's reform and opening up and the gradual establishment and improvement of the market economic system, the non-public economy has been rapidly developed, which makes the private economy and market individuals need more and more funds. However, the formal financial system cannot meet the market demand for funds, and there is an irreconcilable contradiction with the rapidly increasing market supply. As a result, a large number of illegal fund-raising criminal activities have burst out one after another throughout the country. Since the nineties of the last century, it has shown the characteristics of specialization and systematization, and the different types of illegal financing crime have seriously disturbed the management order of our financial market, and become more and more serious. In view of the rapidly expanding criminal activities of illegal fund-raising, the 97 Criminal Law formally defined the laws and regulations on illegal fund-raising crimes. Subsequently, judicial organs and administrative organs issued a large number of judicial interpretations and administrative laws around the Criminal Law and related subsidiary acts. Departmental regulations, in a short period of time objectively cracked down on illegal fund-raising criminal activities. However, from the practical effect of the past two decades, especially in recent years, a series of controversial and typical cases, such as the Wu Ying case, have been constantly erupting in society. Zeng Chengjie case and a series of major fund-raising cases in the context of economic transformation has pushed the controversial issue of the law to the climax of public opinion. On the one hand, it reflects the determination of the judicial organs of our country to crack down on the crime of illegal fund-raising, on the other hand, it reflects the enormous financing difficulties of private enterprises under its market economy system. The huge contradiction between the current financial credit system and legal regulation. At present, the legal regulation of illegal fund-raising crime in our country is generally stipulated in the scope of civil law, administrative law and criminal law, especially the determination of the state to crack down on illegal fund-raising in recent years. The criminal law is regarded as the primary regulation when involved in illegal fund raising supervision. However, the practical effect brought about by such severe criminal law treatment is not satisfactory. On the one hand, it leads to the expansion of criminal regulation of illegal fund-raising crime, which is contrary to the principle of modesty of criminal law, on the other hand, Also failed to reserve reasonable space for private financing, thus hindering the development of private financial economy. Therefore, in this situation of illegal fund-raising crime, in order to ensure the normal operation of the financial order, this article will be based on the legal principle of modesty of criminal law, first of all, from the perspective of the concept. The basic outline of the illegal fund-raising crime and the legislative evolution of the regulation of the illegal fund-raising crime, especially the criminal law regulation. Secondly, combining with a large number of cases of illegal fund-raising, this paper analyzes the origin of this kind of crime and the necessity and limitation of the criminal law regulation to crack down on this type of crime. Thirdly, through the comparison of the legislative application and the judicial practice deficiency of the criminal law regulation related to the illegal fund-raising, this paper analyzes the malpractice of the criminal law in regulating the illegal fund-raising. Finally, on the basis of this, the author puts forward some suggestions to perfect the regulation of illegal fund-raising, to develop from the legislative structure and judicial application, and to perfect the relevant measures of criminal law regulation, so as to standardize the order of financial market and promote the development of economy.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D924.33

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