“两头骗”担保贷款型案件的困境与出路

发布时间：2019-03-21 12:10

【摘要】："两头骗"担保贷款型案件是近年来围绕担保贷款衍生出的新型组合式犯罪流程。该类案件中,借款人、贷款人、第三人以资金借贷为基础形成了多重复合法律关系,从而在某些方面超出了贷款诈骗罪典型罪状所覆盖的范围,由此导致了该类案件刑事认定的困境。从目前公布的这类典型案例的裁判结果分析,司法实践大体形成了以行为人目的为中心与以损失承担方为中心两种裁判标准。但以上标准均存在割裂犯罪构成整体而代之以单一构成要件要素作为评价犯罪标准的弊端;同时,也忽视了商业银行实现担保权行为在因果关系中的原因力,以致其终究无法准确引导此类案件的裁判。将商业银行实现担保权行为作为介入因素,以因果关系的判断为中心、以借款人为商业银行设定的担保的真实性判断为切入点具体认定借款人的刑事责任,将是当前"两头骗"担保贷款型案件司法困境的出路。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the "double-deceptive" secured loan-type case is a new type of combined crime process derived from secured loan in recent years. In such cases, borrowers, lenders, and third parties form multiple complex legal relationships on the basis of capital lending, which in some respects goes beyond the typical charges of loan fraud. This leads to the dilemma of criminal identification of this kind of cases. Based on the analysis of the adjudication results of such typical cases published at present, judicial practice has generally formed two kinds of adjudication standards, which are centered on the purpose of the actor and the party bearing the loss. But the above standards all have the malpractice of separating the whole constitution of the crime and replacing it with a single constituent element as the evaluation standard of the crime. At the same time, it also ignores the power of the commercial banks to realize the cause of the security right in the cause-effect relationship, which makes it impossible to guide the judgment of such cases accurately in the end. Taking the act of realizing the security right of the commercial bank as the intervention factor, taking the judgment of causation as the center and the judgment of the authenticity of the guarantee created by the borrower for the commercial bank as the entry point, the criminal liability of the borrower is specifically identified. Will be the current "dupe" guarantee loan-type cases judicial plight of the way out.
【作者单位】：山西大学法学院;
【基金】：中国社会科学院马工程项目“中国特色社会主义理论与当代中国文化建设”(项目编号:2014mgchq002)的阶段性成果
【分类号】：D924.3

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