试论利用影响力受贿罪

发布时间：2019-04-27 19:10

【摘要】：作为《中华人民共和国刑法修正案（七）》（以下简称《刑法修正案（七）》）新增设的罪名，，利用影响力受贿罪甫一出台，就引起理论界与学术界的广泛关注与争议。本文在对该罪出台、设立前后所涉及到的单独设立该罪的立法价值、具体刑法罪名的确定以及在司法实践中需要厘清的具体法律概念的含义、性质、犯罪构成要件等相关争议问题予以简要梳理的基础上，进行一些自己粗浅的思考与探讨，并从增加对合犯的规定、扩大贿赂范围的角度提出未来对本罪予以立法完善的两点建议，以期为司法实践中正确适用本罪提供一种思考的角度与思路。在研究方法上，本文始终坚持历史分析方法与比较分析方法相结合，并充分考虑我国国情和立法现状，分别从顺应历史发展趋势、严密刑事法网、履行国际条约义务与国际反腐形势所趋三个角度对增设本罪的正当性基础予以论述，并简要介绍了该罪的罪名确定。对本罪涉及的相关法律概念争议，本文指出“近亲属”应采用刑事法律的界定范围，“关系密切人”的认定应从主客观相结合的角度实际出发综合判断，“影响力”的性质，不能将权力性影响力排除在外。对于犯罪构成要件，本文认为，本罪与受贿罪本罪的本质特征不同。受贿罪的本质在于直接的权钱交易。是掌握公权力的权力主体将其享有的公权力直接进行权钱交易的行为。但在本罪中，进行利益交换的是一种“影响力”，因而这与受贿罪中“出卖公权力”的又有所不同，因而本罪的客体不是“国家工作人员职务行为的廉洁性”而是“职务行为的正当性”；对于主体范围，本文认为本罪中限定主体范围的关键在于“关系密切”一词，至于行为人本身是否具有国家工作人员身份，并不影响其能否成为利用影响力受贿罪主体的判断；对客观要件方面的“为他人谋取”的理解和“不正当利益”的界定，本文同样从梳理概念形成脉络，与受贿罪的规定进行比较分析的角度，提出了自己的思考和理解；对于立法完善，本文则仍然从回顾我国相关立法传统、综合考察、研究世界各国及区域立法例的基础上，提出了增加对合犯的规定及扩大“贿赂”范围两个方面的立法完善建议。
[Abstract]:As a new crime in the Criminal Law Amendment (7) of the people's Republic of China (hereinafter referred to as the Criminal Law Amendment 7), the crime of accepting bribes by using influence has aroused widespread concern and controversy in the theoretical and academic circles as soon as it was introduced. This article introduces the crime, the legislative value of establishing the crime separately before and after the establishment, the determination of the specific criminal charges and the meaning and nature of the specific legal concepts that need to be clarified in the judicial practice. On the basis of briefly combing the related controversial issues, such as the elements of crime constitution, this paper carries on some superficial thinking and discussion, and from the addition of the provisions on joint offenses, From the angle of expanding the scope of bribery, two suggestions are put forward to improve the legislation of this crime in the future, in order to provide a thinking angle and train of thought for the correct application of the crime in judicial practice. In the research method, this article always insists on the combination of the historical analysis method and the comparative analysis method, and takes fully into account the national conditions and the current legislative situation of our country, respectively, to conform to the historical development trend, and to tighten the criminal law net. In order to fulfill the obligations of international treaties and the trend of international anti-corruption situation, this paper discusses the justifiable basis of adding this crime, and briefly introduces the definition of the crime. Regarding the dispute of related legal concepts involved in this crime, this paper points out that "close relatives" should adopt the definition scope of criminal law, that "closely related persons" should be judged comprehensively from the angle of combination of subjective and objective, that is, the nature of "influence". Power influence cannot be excluded. As to the constituent elements of crime, this paper argues that the essential characteristics of this crime are different from those of bribery crime. The essence of the crime of accepting bribes lies in the direct trading of power and money. It is the behavior of the power subject who holds the public power to directly carry on the transaction of the power and money. But in this crime, the exchange of interests is a kind of "influence", which is different from the "betrayal of public power" in the crime of accepting bribes. Therefore, the object of this crime is not "the integrity of the official behavior of the state functionary" but "the legitimacy of the duty act"; As for the scope of subject, this paper holds that the key to limit the scope of subject in this crime lies in the word "close relationship". As to whether the actor has the status of state functionary or not, it does not affect the judgment of whether the actor can become the subject of the crime of using influence to accept bribes. With regard to the understanding of the objective elements of "seeking for others" and the definition of "improper interests", this article also puts forward its own thinking and understanding from the perspective of combing the formation of the concept and comparing with the provisions of the crime of accepting bribes. For the perfection of legislation, this article still from the review of the relevant legislative tradition of our country, comprehensive investigation, the study of the world and regional legislation on the basis of the case, This paper puts forward two suggestions to improve the legislation of the joint offender and expand the scope of bribery.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.392

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