权利行使行为的刑法评价——以违法相对论为立场的分析
发布时间：2019-05-27 22:51
【摘要】：权利行使行为的定性受制于刑民关系观的差异,"权利行使不可罚"的观点实则建立在忽视刑法、刑事违法性判断独立性的民法依存模式和缓和的违法一元论上。相比之下,以刑事违法判断相对独立为基础的违法相对论能够提供更为合理的理论基础和分析路径。在违法相对论的立场下,权利行使是否符合构成犯罪要件应当遵从刑法视角的独立判断,并不依附于民法上的既有判断,通常能够肯定不法手段对财产法益的损害,且主观上行使权利的动机并不妨碍"非法占有目的"的认定。权利行使的违法性一般可以得到确认,在部分情形下不具有实质的违法性,在符合自救行为条件时阻却违法。被害人过错可成为减轻刑事责任的依据。立足于整体性评价和违法相对性论的立场,应当肯定权利行使行为的财产犯罪属性,不可将手段行为与目的行为拆解评价并只将手段行为独立入罪。
[Abstract]:The qualitative nature of the exercise of rights is restricted by the differences in the view of the relationship between the criminal and the people, while the view that "the exercise of the rights cannot be punished" is based on the dependence of the civil law on neglecting the criminal law, the independence of the judgment of criminal illegality and the relaxed monism of the violation of the law. In contrast, the theory of relativity based on the relative independence of criminal illegal judgment can provide a more reasonable theoretical basis and analytical path. Under the stand of illegal relativity, whether the exercise of rights conforms to the independent judgment from the perspective of criminal law should comply with the criminal law perspective, and does not depend on the existing judgment in civil law, and can usually confirm the damage of illegal means to the legal interests of property. And the subjective motivation to exercise rights does not hinder the identification of the purpose of illegal possession. The illegality of the exercise of rights can generally be confirmed, in some cases there is no substantive illegality, in accordance with the conditions of self-rescue behavior, but illegal. The victim's fault can be the basis for reducing criminal liability. Based on the position of holistic evaluation and the theory of relativity of violation of law, we should affirm the property crime attribute of the act of exercising rights, and should not disassemble and evaluate the act of means and the act of purpose and only convict the act of means independently.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心;
【基金】：国家留学基金委高水平大学公派研究生项目研究成果(项目编号:201606360169)
【分类号】：D924.3
本文编号：2486514
[Abstract]:The qualitative nature of the exercise of rights is restricted by the differences in the view of the relationship between the criminal and the people, while the view that "the exercise of the rights cannot be punished" is based on the dependence of the civil law on neglecting the criminal law, the independence of the judgment of criminal illegality and the relaxed monism of the violation of the law. In contrast, the theory of relativity based on the relative independence of criminal illegal judgment can provide a more reasonable theoretical basis and analytical path. Under the stand of illegal relativity, whether the exercise of rights conforms to the independent judgment from the perspective of criminal law should comply with the criminal law perspective, and does not depend on the existing judgment in civil law, and can usually confirm the damage of illegal means to the legal interests of property. And the subjective motivation to exercise rights does not hinder the identification of the purpose of illegal possession. The illegality of the exercise of rights can generally be confirmed, in some cases there is no substantive illegality, in accordance with the conditions of self-rescue behavior, but illegal. The victim's fault can be the basis for reducing criminal liability. Based on the position of holistic evaluation and the theory of relativity of violation of law, we should affirm the property crime attribute of the act of exercising rights, and should not disassemble and evaluate the act of means and the act of purpose and only convict the act of means independently.
【作者单位】： 中国人民大学刑事法律科学研究中心;
【基金】：国家留学基金委高水平大学公派研究生项目研究成果(项目编号:201606360169)
【分类号】：D924.3
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