论人体器官交易行为的刑法规制

发布时间：2019-07-03 13:16

【摘要】：器官移植技术给器官衰竭晚期患者带来延续生命的机会,是20世纪医学领域最大的突破之一,并在几十年间飞速发展。但是,由于人体器官的极度短缺无法满足器官移植的需要,人体器官交易行为伴随着与之相关的违法犯罪行为应运而生。将人体器官当作商品来交易给社会伦理、道德、法律带来了新的挑战。本文主要通过文献研究、比较研究等方法讨论人体器官交易行为的社会危害性与刑法规制。以求运用现有刑法规定和设置新罪名的方法对该行为进行全面规制。正文总体结构上分为四章：第一章概述人体器官交易行为。第一节介绍人体器官及器官移植的含义,概括国外及国内器官移植技术的发展过程及现状,并引出人体器官交易行为的产生；第二节分析人体器官交易行为给个人和社会带来的危害性。第二章概括人体器官交易行为的表现形式及入罪探析。第一节至第五节分别提出了人体器官交易行为的五种表现形式。在各节中分别分析这些具体表现行为刑法规制的必要性以及进行规制的方式。并在第三节着重评析了“被害人承诺”在摘取人体器官行为中的刑法意义。第三章对组织出卖人体器官罪进行分析解读。第一节到第三节分别对本罪争议较多的客体、对象、行为方式进行分析,引出笔者的观点；第四节对本罪与相关罪名进行辨析,探求本罪与相关罪名的区别和本罪设置的合理性；第五节综合评价本罪对人体器官交易行为的规制,指出其合理性和不足之处。第四章提出对人体器官交易行为进行刑法规制的完善建议。第一节是对域外立法进行考察,总结出值得我国借鉴的先进做法；第二节具体指出笔者对人体器官交易行为进行刑法规制的完善建议。
[Abstract]:Organ transplantation technology brings the opportunity to continue the life of patients with advanced organ failure, which is one of the biggest breakthroughs in the field of medicine in the 20th century, and has developed rapidly in the past few decades. However, due to the extreme shortage of human organs can not meet the needs of organ transplantation, human organ trading behavior with its related illegal and criminal behavior emerges as the times require. Trading human organs as commodities has brought new challenges to social ethics, morality and law. This paper mainly discusses the social harmfulness and criminal law regulation of human organ trading behavior through literature research, comparative study and other methods. In order to use the existing criminal law provisions and set up new charges to regulate the behavior in an all-round way. The overall structure of the text is divided into four chapters: the first chapter summarizes the human organ trading behavior. The first section introduces the meaning of human organs and organ transplantation, summarizes the development process and present situation of foreign and domestic organ transplantation technology, and leads to the emergence of human organ trading behavior; the second section analyzes the harm of human organ trading behavior to individuals and society. The second chapter summarizes the manifestation and incrimination of human organ trading behavior. The first section to the fifth section respectively put forward five forms of human organ trading behavior. In each section, it analyzes the necessity of criminal law regulation and the way of regulation. In the third section, the criminal law significance of "victim commitment" in the removal of human organs is analyzed. The third chapter analyzes and interprets the crime of tissue selling human organs. The first section to the third section respectively analyzes the controversial object, object and behavior mode of this crime, which leads to the author's point of view; the fourth section analyzes this crime and related charges, explores the difference between this crime and related charges and the rationality of the establishment of this crime; the fifth section comprehensively evaluates the regulation of human organ trading behavior in this crime, and points out its rationality and shortcomings. The fourth chapter puts forward some suggestions to perfect the criminal law regulation of human organ trading behavior. The first section is to investigate the foreign legislation, summed up the advanced practices worthy of reference in our country; the second section specifically points out the author's suggestions for perfecting the criminal law regulation of human organ trading behavior.
【学位授予单位】：中国政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D924.3

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