我国器官移植立法问题研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 08:08

本文关键词： 器官移植法发展现状必要性和紧迫性立法建议　出处：《吉林财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：器官移植作为一种现代先进的医学手段，在临床实践中广泛应用，给无数患者带来了希望和幸福。随着科技的全面高速发展，，器官移植无疑将进入一个更加蓬勃发展的新时期，造福更多人类。然而器官移植技术在给人们带来期望的同时也带来了许多复杂的法律问题。法治国家的进步，离不开与时俱进的立法，通过立法对社会行为予以规范才能够达到公平公正，达到社会稳定和繁荣发展的意愿。近些年来，我国的器官移植事业蓬勃发展，在技术领域我国已经跻身世界领先的行列，但在立法上却处于落后的状态，这对于我国法治社会的发展有一定的阻碍。为了解决这一难题，本文通过对器官移植现状的了解，运用比较分析法等方式，搜集了大量信息和数据资料，共分四个部分对完善我国器官移植法进行了科学的分析，大胆的提出了几点完善器官移植法的可行性举措。第一部分提出了器官移植法的概念，通过与其他部门法的比较分析了器官移植法的基本特征和器官移植法中的法律关系，详细阐述了国内外器官移植法的历史发展和现状。在第一部分的基础上，本文第二部分从实践的角度出发，指出了器官移植的广泛应用和其给社会带来的诸多难题使完善器官移植法成为必要，同时，多种新类型犯罪行为的频繁涌现，急需器官移植法的完善。第三部分归纳了我国现有器官移植领域相关立法的缺陷和不足，如观念陈旧保守、没有形成完整的法律体系、捐赠门槛过高、缺乏死亡判断标准等。再通过对域外相关立法制度予以总结，指出了几点可采纳的先进经验。第四部分则在前文的基础之上进行比较、分析和概括，对我国器官移植法的完善提出了几点可行性的建议：建立全国统一的立法模式、确立器官移植法的基本原则、合理适当的扩大供体的范围、确立专项法律制度、增加判断人体死亡的法律标准和细化法律责任。简而言之，本文从器官移植法的概念入手，对国内外器官移植法的发展和现状进行了比较分析，再结合我国现实的具体国情，吸收国际上的先进经验，针对我国器官移植法中的不足之处，积极献言献策，希望我国的器官移植法能够更加完善，对社会主义法治事业添砖加瓦。
[Abstract]:Organ transplantation as a modern and advanced medical means, widely used in clinical practice, has brought hope and happiness to countless patients. With the rapid development of science and technology. Organ transplantation will undoubtedly enter a new era of more vigorous development, benefit more people. However, organ transplantation technology not only brings people expectations, but also brings a lot of complex legal problems. Can not leave the legislation with the times, through legislation to regulate the social behavior to achieve fairness and justice, to achieve social stability and prosperity of the will. In recent years, organ transplantation in China is booming. In the field of technology, our country has been among the leading ranks in the world, but in the legislation is in a backward state, which has some obstacles to the development of our country's legal society. In order to solve this problem. This article through the understanding of the status of organ transplantation, by means of comparative analysis, collected a large number of information and data, a total of four parts to improve the method of organ transplantation in China for scientific analysis. Boldly put forward a few points to improve the feasibility of organ transplantation measures. In the first part, the concept of organ transplantation is put forward, and the basic characteristics of organ transplantation and the legal relationship in organ transplantation are analyzed by comparing with other departments. On the basis of the first part, the second part of this paper from the perspective of practice. It is pointed out that the extensive application of organ transplantation and the difficulties it brings to the society make it necessary to perfect the organ transplantation method, and at the same time, many new types of criminal behavior frequently emerge. The third part summarizes the defects and deficiencies of the relevant legislation in the field of organ transplantation in China, such as outdated ideas, not forming a complete legal system, too high a threshold of donation. Lack of death judgment criteria. Then through the extraterritorial relevant legislative system to sum up, pointed out a few points of the advanced experience. 4th on the basis of the previous comparison, analysis and summary. This paper puts forward some feasible suggestions for the perfection of organ transplantation law in China: establishing a unified legislative model of the whole country, establishing the basic principles of organ transplantation law, expanding the scope of donor reasonably and appropriately, and establishing a special legal system. Increase the legal standard of human body death and refine the legal responsibility. In short, this paper starts with the concept of organ transplantation, compares the development and current situation of organ transplantation at home and abroad, and then combines the actual situation of our country, absorbs the international advanced experience. In view of the deficiency of the organ transplant law in our country, we should actively offer advice and advice, hope that the organ transplant method of our country can be more perfect, and contribute to the socialist legal system cause.
【学位授予单位】：吉林财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16

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