我国生态农业发展法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 10:10

本文关键词： 生态农业法律制度立法　出处：《山西财经大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：党在十八大上提出要大力推进生态文明建设，生态农业的发展建设就是其中重要的一部分。自20世纪80年代我国提出“生态农业”至今，已经初步取得了一些成绩。但是现阶段我国生态农业的发展面临着诸多制约因素，其中法律制度的不健全是最大障碍。因此构建科学合理的法律体系和完善相关法律制度，将为我国生态农业发展提供有效的保障，同时也对促进生态农业持续发展具有重要的现实意义。为了更好地促进生态农业立法工作，本文先从概念分析入手，对生态农业概念及特征进行明确界定，并就生态农业的理论发展基础进行阐述。同时分析了发展生态农业在我国的意义。根据我国法律制度的发展现状，存在立法体系不全面，没有专门的法律法规和配套的制度、政策；执法不严，政府监管机构不明确；法律监督不到位，致使参与者怠于履行职责。转而利用比较分析法，对美国、日本、德国三国的生态农业法律制度发展做了典型分析，，进而提出了完善我国生态农业法律制度的建议。在立法层面，首先要确立生态农业在《宪法》中的地位，其次应建立一部具有指导性的《生态农业促进法》，再次要完善现存的相关法律制度，最后加强地方立法及配套的单行立法，从而形成一套完整的法律保护体系。在立法的统一指导下，政府需要完善行政管理体制及执法制度、制定严格的执法程序、建立政府考核制度，以此增强各级政府发展生态农业的决心和动力。同时着重从权力机关、公民与社会组织两大监督主体来加强对政府行为的监督，督促政府责任的积极履行和实现。在完善相关法律制度方面，制定综合评价制度、技术规程和认证及激励制度，进一步推进科学技术的研究和技术推广体系的完善，并通过教育培训为实际操作提供后备力量。总之，法律在调整生态农业方面有着自己的优势和作用。只有在立法层面取得重大进展，相关保障制度完成构建，权责统一明确、利益各方实现积极参与，生态农业才能逐步深入全社会发展，彰显良好的经济、社会、生态效益。
[Abstract]:The development and construction of ecological agriculture is an important part of the Party's proposal to promote the construction of ecological civilization at the 18 National Congress. Since 1980s, China has put forward "ecological agriculture". Although some achievements have been made, the development of ecological agriculture in our country is facing many restrictive factors. Therefore, the construction of a scientific and reasonable legal system and the improvement of relevant legal systems will provide effective protection for the development of ecological agriculture in China. At the same time, it has important practical significance to promote the sustainable development of ecological agriculture. In order to better promote the work of eco-agriculture legislation, this paper begins with the concept analysis, and clearly defines the concept and characteristics of eco-agriculture. At the same time, it analyzes the significance of the development of ecological agriculture in China. According to the development of our legal system, there is a legislative system is not comprehensive. There are no special laws and regulations and supporting systems and policies; Lax enforcement of the law and unclear government regulatory bodies; Legal supervision is not in place, causing participants to perform their duties. In turn, the comparative analysis of the United States, Japan, Germany in the development of ecological agricultural legal system has made a typical analysis. At the legislative level, we should first establish the status of ecological agriculture in the Constitution, and then establish a guiding "Ecological Agriculture Promotion Law". Third, we should improve the existing relevant legal system, and finally strengthen the local legislation and supporting separate legislation, so as to form a complete legal protection system. Under the guidance of the legislation. The government needs to improve the administrative management system and law enforcement system, formulate strict law enforcement procedures, establish a government assessment system, so as to strengthen the determination and motivation of governments at all levels to develop ecological agriculture. Citizens and social organizations to strengthen the two main supervisory bodies to strengthen the supervision of government behavior, urge the positive implementation and realization of government responsibilities. In the improvement of the relevant legal system, the establishment of a comprehensive evaluation system. Technical regulations and certification and incentive systems to further promote scientific and technological research and technology promotion system, and through education and training to provide backup force for practical operations. In short, the law has its own advantages and functions in adjusting ecological agriculture. Only in the legislative level has made significant progress, the relevant security system has completed the construction, the unity of power and responsibility is clear, and all parties involved in the realization of active participation. Ecological agriculture can gradually deepen the development of the whole society, showing good economic, social and ecological benefits.
【学位授予单位】：山西财经大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.4

【参考文献】