土地承包经营权抵押的法律困境与现实出路

发布时间：2018-01-22 03:00

本文关键词： 土地承包经营权抵押人抵押权人抵押权客体物权变动　出处：《中国农村观察》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中国土地承包经营权抵押立法存在诸多不足,譬如抵押自由受到发包方与集体成员的干扰、抵押客体界限模糊、抵押变动规则不明晰等,不利于农民有效融资。本文基于自由、平等、效率、秩序等多元价值目标的体系化考量,分析了土地承包经营权抵押在主体、客体、变动三方面的重点和难点问题。研究结果表明,在宏观的价值理念上,尤须转变法律父爱主义思维,确立农户成员的物权主体地位,废弃土地承包经营权抵押中的发包方同意权和本集体成员优先权。在微观的规则设计中,农户成员作为土地承包经营权的抵押人,不得附加稳定的非农职业和收入来源之限制;只有当土地承包经营权抵押是金融商事行为时,抵押权人才应为金融机构;不应对抵押土地的性质、取得方式及面积大小设限;抵押登记宜采取登记生效主义,抵押权可以通过折价方式实现,而抵押权拍卖、变卖的实现程序应为非诉裁判模式。
[Abstract]:There are many shortcomings in the legislation of land contract management right mortgage in China, for example, the freedom of mortgage is disturbed by the contracting party and the collective members, the boundary of the mortgage object is blurred, the rules of mortgage change are not clear and so on. This paper analyzes the subject and object of land contract management right mortgage based on the systematic consideration of multiple value objectives such as freedom, equality, efficiency, order and so on. The research results show that, in the macroscopic value concept, we should change the legal patriarchal thinking, and establish the main status of the real right of the peasant household members. The right of consent of the issuer and the priority of the collective members in the mortgage of the right to contract management of abandoned land. In the microcosmic rule design, the member of the peasant household acts as the mortgagor of the right to contract management of the land. Restrictions on stable non-agricultural occupations and sources of income may not be imposed; The mortgagee should be a financial institution only when the mortgage of land contractual management right is a financial and commercial act. No restrictions should be placed on the nature, mode of acquisition and size of the mortgaged land; Mortgage registration should be based on the principle of effective registration, and the hypothec can be realized by way of discount, and the procedure of realizing the auction and sale of mortgage should be the mode of non-litigation adjudication.
【作者单位】：华东政法大学经济法学院;
【分类号】：D922.32;D923.2
【正文快照】： 一、问题的提出关于土地承包经营权能否抵押以及如何抵押问题,长期以来,中国法律的规定有些模糊:依《中华人民共和国担保法》(以下简称“《担保法》”)第34条、《中华人民共和国物权法》(以下简称“《物权法》”)第180条以及《中华人民共和国农村土地承包法》(以下简称“《

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