我国人事档案法律制度中的个人信息自决

发布时间：2018-02-02 19:00

本文关键词： 人事档案法律制度信息自决　出处：《华东政法大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本文研究我国人事档案法律制度中个人信息权利的保护。通过与国外个人信息保护立法和人事档案法律制度的比较，笔者认为我国人事档案法律制度中公民个人信息权利的保护应当以实现个人信息自决为标准。文中以个人信息自决为视角分析我国人事档案法律制度对个人信息权利保护的不足，并尝试以实现个人信息自决为目标来探讨我国未来人事档案法律制度的改革。第一章为我国人事档案法律制度与个人信息自决。人事档案是个人信息的重要载体，我国的人事档案更是包含大量重要的个人信息。在现今的“大数据”时代，立法保护公民的个人信息已经成为世界性的潮流，个人信息自决权作为一项宪法基本权利已经得到了世界范围内的认可，它强调保护公民对个人信息的知情权、控制权和救济权。但是我国传统的人事档案法律制度中个人信息权利保护标准缺失，引入个人信息自决标准改革我国的人事档案法律制度，能使我国人事档案中个人信息权利得到最充分的保障，也能顺应保护个人信息自决的世界潮流。第二章分析我国人事档案法律制度中个人信息自决的现状。在我国现有的人事档案法律制度下，公民几乎不享有任何个人信息权利。从现有的人事档案立法来看，我国的人事档案法律体系存在结构性缺失，，根本无力保障公民个人信息自决。以个人信息自决权利体系为标准，我国的人事档案制度中公民的个人信息知情权先天不足，个人信息控制权几乎完全缺失，个人信息的救济权也无法得到充分保障。第三章分析我国人事档案法律制度中个人信息自决的现实基础和困境。我国传统的封闭式人事档案法律制度生存的土壤已经基本消失，公民个人信息权利意识觉醒，域外人事档案法律制度也为我国人事档案法律制度的改革提供了有益的借鉴，这是我国人事档案法律制度中个人信息自决实现的现实基础。但是由于特殊的历史传统和政治经济背景，要实现我国公民人事档案中个人信息自决，还存在着来自于执政党、政府部门和公民个人等多方面的困境。第四章我国人事档案法律制度中个人信息自决的应然状态和实现路径。我国的人事档案法律制度中个人信息自决的实现，应当以个人信息自决权利体系为脉络，知情权是前提，控制权是核心，救济权是保障。要实现上述三类权利，立法方面，要以制定个人信息保护法和统一的人事档案法为核心重新构建人事档案法律体系，理顺执政党、国家档案管理部门与公民个人之间的法律关系；在司法方面，要通过保障诉讼权利，确保个人信息权利的救济；在行政执法方面，国家档案管理部门要改变管制行政理念，明确自身权力和职责，充分发挥多种行政救济手段的作用。
[Abstract]:This paper studies the protection of personal information rights in the legal system of personnel archives in our country, and compares it with the legislation of personal information protection and the legal system of personnel archives in foreign countries. The author holds that the protection of citizens' right to personal information in the legal system of personnel archives in China should be based on the realization of the self-determination of personal information. In this paper, the author analyzes the legal system of personnel archives in our country on personal information from the perspective of self-determination of personal information. Inadequate protection of rights. And try to realize personal information self-determination as the goal to explore the future reform of China's personnel file legal system. The first chapter is the legal system of personnel files and the self-determination of personal information in China. Personnel files are important carriers of personal information. Our personnel files contain a large number of important personal information. In the present "big data" era, legislation to protect the personal information of citizens has become a worldwide trend. The right to self-determination of personal information, as a basic constitutional right, has been recognized all over the world. It emphasizes the protection of citizens' right to know about personal information. The right of control and relief. However, the traditional legal system of personnel files in our country is lack of personal information right protection standard, so the personal information self-determination standard is introduced to reform the personnel file legal system in our country. It can make the right of personal information in the personnel file of our country get the fullest guarantee, and also conform to the world trend of protecting the self-determination of personal information. The second chapter analyzes the current situation of personal information self-determination in the legal system of personnel archives in China. Citizens almost do not enjoy any right to personal information. From the existing legislation of personnel files, there are structural deficiencies in the legal system of personnel files in our country. With the personal information self-determination system as the standard, the citizen's right to know about personal information in the personnel file system of our country is inherently inadequate, and the personal information control right is almost completely lacking. Personal information relief rights can not be fully protected. The third chapter analyzes the realistic basis and predicament of personal information self-determination in the legal system of personnel archives in China. The soil for the existence of the traditional closed legal system of personnel archives in China has basically disappeared. The awareness of citizens' right to personal information and the extraterritorial legal system of personnel archives also provide a useful reference for the reform of the legal system of personnel archives in our country. This is the realistic basis for the realization of personal information self-determination in the legal system of personnel archives in China, but due to the special historical tradition and political and economic background, it is necessary to realize the self-determination of personal information in the personnel files of Chinese citizens. There are also difficulties from the ruling party, government departments and individual citizens. In the 4th chapter, the author discusses the necessary state and realization path of personal information self-determination in the legal system of personnel archives in our country, and the realization of the self-determination of personal information in the legal system of personnel archives in our country. The right to know is the premise, the right of control is the core, and the right of relief is the guarantee. It is necessary to reconstruct the legal system of personnel archives with the establishment of personal information protection law and unified personnel file law as the core, to straighten out the legal relationship between the ruling party, the national archives management department and the individual citizens; In the judicial aspect, it is necessary to ensure the relief of personal information right by guaranteeing the right to litigation; In the aspect of administrative law enforcement, the national archives management department should change the administrative concept of control, clarify its own power and duty, and give full play to the role of various administrative remedies.
【学位授予单位】：华东政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.16

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