行政取缔法律制度研究

发布时间：2018-02-09 02:05

本文关键词： 行政取缔非制裁性最终性内容法定　出处：《中共江苏省委党校》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：本论文的写作目的是明确行政取缔存在的独特价值,总结行政取缔在现阶段的问题,并进而提出完善相关制度的对策思路。它的的研究方法包括比较分析法、历史分析法、系统分析法、文义分析法、理论与实践结合的方法等。本文的研究成果主要如下:提出行政取缔具有非制裁性、最终性观点;梳理了我国行政取缔的历史发展过程,从历史的角度理解了行政取缔与其它行政行为之间的关系;分析了行政取缔法律制度在我国行政执法中被广泛运用的合理性。目前行政机关进行取缔执法的新闻是屡见不鲜,随着全面依法治国的推进,它也不应成为法外之地。然而当前我国理论界关于行政取缔的研究很少,仍旧停留在“它是什么”阶段,且一直没有定论;立法上虽然有关于行政取缔的规范文件,但大多规定简单,且立法位阶不高,随意性很大,这极大地损害了我国依法行政的成效。为进行行政取缔法律制度研究,本文欲从以下三个部分来展开:第一部分首先借鉴工具书释义与学者学说,明确了行政取缔的概念为行政主体为了实现彻底终止违法活动的目的,而依法对未经过行政批准许可而擅自从事相关活动的相对人采取措施,要求其履行不作为义务的一种具体行政行为。然后在概念分析的基础上,总结出行政取缔法律制度特征强制性、非制裁性、最终性、即时执行性。概念界定与制度特征描述都是从行政取缔内部开展论述的,要想明确一个学术理论,还必须从理论的外部与其它类似概念进行比较,因此最后进行了行政取缔与行政强制、行政处罚等其它行政行为的比较,它与行政强制措施的主要区别在于行政行为是否具有最终性,它与行政处罚的主要区别在于行政行为是否具有制裁性。第二部分通过列举日本20世纪初早期的取缔立法以及我国南京国民政府时期、共和国建国初期、改革开放以来的立法,介绍了我国行政取缔法律制度的起源、发展和现状。由于时代局限,立法粗糙,行政取缔刚开始是一个综合性行政行为,随着行政强制、行政处罚等概念的引进,它们的规制内容会发生交叉,但是不会相互替代。我们研究理论,总是要与实践结合起来,解决现实问题。通过以上历史与现状的分析,我们很容易从取缔立法位阶、主体、对象、内容、程序方面总结出行政取缔法律制度现行问题。第三部分根据上文提到的行政取缔存在的问题提出了相应的对策建议,提出要提高行政取缔的立法位阶,这也是行政法上法律保留原则的要求;从主体法定、对象法定、内容法定、程序法定方面提出要完善行政取缔的法律规定。
[Abstract]:The purpose of this thesis is to make clear the unique value of administrative ban, summarize the problems of administrative ban at the present stage, and then put forward the countermeasures to perfect the relevant system. Its research methods include comparative analysis, historical analysis, and so on. The main research results of this paper are as follows: putting forward the view that administrative ban has non-sanction and final character, combing the historical development process of administrative ban in our country. From the historical point of view, this paper has understood the relationship between administrative ban and other administrative acts, analyzed the rationality of the widespread application of administrative proscription legal system in our country's administrative law enforcement. With the advancement of ruling the country according to law, it should not become an extra-legal place. However, the current research on administrative ban in our country is very few and still stays at the stage of "what is it", and there has been no final conclusion; Although there are normative documents on administrative proscription in legislation, most of them are simple, and the level of legislation is not high and arbitrary, which has greatly damaged the effectiveness of administration by law in our country. In order to study the legal system of administrative proscription, The first part draws lessons from the reference book interpretation and scholars' theory, and clarifies the concept of administrative proscription for the purpose of the administrative subject in order to realize the complete termination of illegal activities. In accordance with the law, it is necessary to take measures against the relative persons who engage in relevant activities without administrative approval and require them to perform a specific administrative act of omission, and then on the basis of conceptual analysis, It is concluded that the characteristics of the legal system of administrative proscription are mandatory, non-sanction, final and immediate implementation.Conceptual definition and description of system characteristics are discussed from within the administrative ban. It must also be compared with other similar concepts from the outside of the theory, so the comparison between administrative ban and other administrative acts, such as administrative compulsion, administrative punishment and so on, is finally carried out. The main difference between it and administrative coercive measures is whether the administrative act is final or not. The main difference between it and administrative punishment lies in whether the administrative act has the sanction nature. The second part by enumerates the Japan early 20th century proscription legislation as well as our country Nanjing national government period the Republic founding early the reform and opening up the legislation. This paper introduces the origin, development and present situation of the legal system of administrative proscription in our country. Due to the limitation of the times and the rough legislation, the administrative ban has just begun as a comprehensive administrative act. With the introduction of the concepts of administrative compulsion and administrative punishment, etc. The contents of their regulations will intersect, but they will not replace each other. We should always combine theory with practice to solve practical problems. Through the analysis of the above history and current situation, it is very easy for us to go from the level of outlawing legislation to the subject. The third part puts forward corresponding countermeasures and suggestions according to the problems mentioned above, and puts forward that the legislative rank of administrative ban should be raised. This is also the requirement of the principle of legal reservation in administrative law.
【学位授予单位】：中共江苏省委党校
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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