网约出租车行业行政规制合法性分析

发布时间：2018-04-17 01:33

本文选题：网约出租车服务 + 行政规制　；参考：《湘潭大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：网约出租车平台通过整合供需信息,对符合条件的车辆和驾驶员进行派单,从而满足公众的出行需求,即非巡游式的网约出租汽车服务。网络预约租车经营服务是新型交通网络信息服务,不能简单的将其归于传统的出租车加互联网预约。网约出租车牵涉到公共出行安全、国家宏观调控以及公民人身、财产安全等事项,这些都隶属于法律规定的行政批准的事项;因此,对于网约出租车行业这一特定行业的市场准入,需要确定从业人员具备熟练技能资格、网约车平台需具有一定的自我审查,管控能力,并且车辆也应符合安全性标准。所以这些都需要有一定的技术或行业标准作为该行业的准入标杆,对欲参与经营者进行审定从而保障公众的出行安全,降低危害发生的可能性。因此,对网络预约出租车行业进行管制是有必要的。部分学者主张的管控导向为“一刀切”型管死,但是这从根本上违背了市场自由竞争的原则。事实上,通过制度优化或制度改进可以解决其初期产生的问题。《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》的出台从源头上对巡游出租车和网络预约出租车进行了差异化的经营划分,从而确定了网约车与巡游车不同的服务定位,这样不仅能一定程度的缓解两个利益群体间的紧张关系和社会负面情绪,还能有效的规范整体市场价格体系。但是,《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》是部门规章立法,应当严格遵守上位法的规定,不能法外设定权力。本文依照《立法法》及《行政许可法》的相关规定,对《网络预约出租汽车经营服务管理暂行办法》中的行政许可的设定权、规定权的基本理论进行合法性分析,探讨全国各地出台的网约车实施细则中存在的问题,兼论通过行政立法的规制手段应遵循的原则,从而提出网约车规制制度优化的两个方向:在立法上严守立法程序的规定,并取消歧视性规定使得行政立法的内容合法化。在制定规则之初中央行政部门应进行成本效益分析,制度实施落实后应建立动态的政策评估机制,逐步放松管制。将公法手段与私法手段相结合,从目的上实现各方利益的平衡,实现有效配置现有资源的目的,以期为网络预约出租汽车行业合法合规发展做出贡献。
[Abstract]:By integrating the information of supply and demand, the Net-Joy Taxi platform sends orders to the qualified vehicles and drivers to meet the travel needs of the public, that is, the off-tour taxi service.As a new type of transportation network information service, the network booking service can not be simply attributed to the traditional taxi and internet booking.Internet taxis involve public travel safety, state macro-control, citizens' personal and property safety, and other matters, all of which are subject to the administrative approval provided by law; therefore,For the market access of Net-Joy Taxi industry, it is necessary to determine that the employees have skilled skills qualifications, that the ride-hailing platform should have certain self-examination, control ability, and that the vehicle should also meet the safety standards.Therefore, all these need to have certain technology or industry standards as the entry benchmark of the industry, the operators who want to participate in the examination and approval in order to protect the public travel safety, reduce the possibility of harm.Therefore, it is necessary to regulate the online taxi booking industry.Some scholars argue that the control direction is "one size fits all" management, but this fundamentally violates the principle of free market competition.In fact,Through system optimization or system improvement, the initial problems can be solved. The introduction of the interim measures for the Management of online booking Taxi Business Service has carried out a differentiated business division between cruise taxis and online reserved taxis from the source.Thus, the different service positioning of the network car and the cruise car is determined, which can not only alleviate the tension and negative social emotion between the two interest groups to a certain extent, but also effectively standardize the whole market price system.However, the interim measures for the Management of Network booking Taxi Service is a department regulation and legislation, which should strictly abide by the provisions of the upper law, and cannot establish the power outside the law.In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Legislative Law and the Administrative Licensing Law, this paper analyzes the legitimacy of the basic theory of the establishment of the administrative license and the prescribed power in the interim measures for the Administration of the online booking Taxi Operation Service.This paper probes into the problems existing in the detailed rules for the implementation of net-chartering in various parts of the country, and also discusses the principles to be followed by the means of regulation through administrative legislation, and thus puts forward two directions for optimizing the regulation system of net-chartering: strictly observing the provisions of the legislative procedure in legislation,And the elimination of discriminatory provisions to legalize the content of administrative legislation.At the beginning of making the rules, the central administrative department should carry out the cost-benefit analysis, and after the implementation of the system, a dynamic policy evaluation mechanism should be set up, and the control should be gradually deregulated.Combining the means of public law and private law to achieve the balance of the interests of all parties and the purpose of effective allocation of existing resources in order to contribute to the legal and compliance development of the online taxi booking industry.
【学位授予单位】：湘潭大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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