劳动法上待命时间法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-04-28 07:35

本文选题：待命时间 + 认定标准　；参考：《辽宁大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,随着我国市场经济的繁荣,第三产业不断扩大,劳动用工形式也发展为多种多样,用人单位对工作时间的需求表现出越来越灵活的趋向。一方面,很多用人单位要求劳动者在正常工作时间之外,着手与工作有关的预备工作,或者要求劳动者处于等待的状态,以确保劳动者在接到用人单位的通知时能及时完成其交付的工作;另一方面,劳动者权利保护意识不断增强,要求维护自己的休息权和劳动报酬权等合法权益。因待命时间引发的劳动纠纷案件越来越多,甚至有愈演愈烈之势。究其原因,国家立法层面上相关规定的缺失首当其冲,地方性规定的各不相同也是争议之源。这不仅不利于劳动者正当权益的保护,而且损害了司法权威,更不利于和谐劳动关系的建设。因此,有必要对待命时间法律问题进行系统研究,深入剖析待命时间的性质,为混乱的实务判决提供理论借鉴,也为我国劳动法的完善提供理论支撑。本文第一部分对待命时间的基本理论进行了介绍,包括待命时间的概念、特征以及分类。在综合分析这些基本理论的基础之上,笔者给出了自己对待命时间的认识,即待命时间是指劳动者处于等待状态,但遇到特殊情形出现时需要及时完成用人单位交付的工作任务的一段时间。第二部分对国内外关于待命时间认定的学说和规定进行梳理评价,并结合工作时间的认定标准,得出劳动者所在的场所和劳动者的受控性是影响待命时间认定为工作时间的主要因素。第三部分讨论了待命时间内劳动者权益保障问题,包括劳动者工资支付和工伤认定问题。笔者根据待命时间内劳动者受控程度的差别,分类讨论高度待命时间、中度待命时间和低度待命时间工资支付的标准。关于待命时间工伤认定问题,笔者结合传统工伤认定标准,认为待命时间内的工伤认定主要取决于工作原因和工作时间,工作场所不应作为认定标准。本文最后一部分讨论了待命时间内劳动者义务约束问题,分析了劳动者除了要遵守劳动法上规定的基本义务,还要遵守用人单位规定的特殊要求。为了确保待命时间内的劳动者切实履行义务,提出了具体的建议。待命时间相关法律问题在如今的社会与我们每个人都休戚相关,因此妥善处理这些问题意义重大,不仅可以平衡用人单位和劳动者在劳动关系中的利益,避免由此引发的劳动争议,还为构建良好的劳动关系提供保障。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the prosperity of the market economy in our country, the tertiary industry has been expanding, and the forms of labor and employment have also developed into various forms. The demand of employers for working hours has shown a more and more flexible trend. On the one hand, many employers require workers to start preparatory work related to work outside normal working hours, or to require workers to be in a state of waiting. On the other hand, the consciousness of protection of workers' rights is constantly strengthened, and the legitimate rights and interests such as the right to rest and the right to remuneration are required to be safeguarded. Due to standby time caused by labor disputes more and more cases, or even intensified. The reason is that the lack of relevant regulations on the national legislative level is the first, and the differences of local regulations are also the source of controversy. This is not only harmful to the protection of the legitimate rights and interests of laborers, but also harmful to the judicial authority and the construction of harmonious labor relations. Therefore, it is necessary to make a systematic study on the legal issue of standby time, analyze the nature of standby time in depth, provide theoretical reference for the chaotic practical judgment, and provide theoretical support for the perfection of China's labor law. The first part of this paper introduces the basic theory of standby time, including the concept, characteristics and classification of standby time. On the basis of comprehensive analysis of these basic theories, the author gives his own understanding of standby time, that is, standby time means that the worker is in a state of waiting. But meet special circumstance to need to complete the work task that unit of choose and employ persons delivers a period of time in time. The second part combs and evaluates the domestic and foreign theories and regulations on standby time identification, and combines with the working time identification standard, It is concluded that the place where workers are located and their controllability are the main factors that affect the working hours. The third part discusses the protection of workers' rights and interests during standby time, including the payment of workers' wages and the identification of industrial injuries. According to the differences of workers' controlled degree in standby time, the author discusses the criteria of high standby time, medium standby time and low standby time wage payment. Regarding the problem of the identification of work-related injuries during standby time, the author considers that the determination of work-related injuries during standby hours mainly depends on the working reasons and working hours, and the workplace should not be regarded as the standard of identification. In the last part of this paper, we discuss the constraint of laborer's obligation in standby time, and analyze that the laborer should abide by the special requirements of the employer in addition to the basic obligation stipulated in the labor law. In order to ensure that workers on-call time to fulfil their obligations, specific recommendations are made. Legal issues related to standby time are closely related to each and every one of us in today's society, so it is important to deal with them properly, not only to balance the interests of employers and workers in labour relations, To avoid the labor disputes caused by this, but also to provide protection for the construction of good labor relations.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.5

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