论我国产品责任归责原则的完善——以《产品质量法》第41、42条为分析对象

发布时间：2018-05-16 00:17

本文选题：产品责任 + 归责原则　；参考：《中国政法大学学报》2017年02期

【摘要】：缺陷产品造成人身或财产损害,产品生产者就要对消费者承担赔偿责任,即产品生产者承担的是严格责任,产品、服务侵权责任突破合同的相对性规则并向严格责任转变,产品责任归责原则已由过去的过错责任发展到目前过错责任与严格责任的二元并立。我国《食品安全法》(2015年)第148条进一步明确了生产者、销售者之间的连带责任机制:接到消费者赔偿要求的生产经营者,应当实行首负责任制,先行赔付,不得推诿。基于对《产品质量法》第41条、第42条的法律解释,对生产者的归责原则应当适用严格责任,而销售者应当适用二元责任归责原则。建议将《食品安全法》第148条的生产经营者"首负责任制"规定类推适用于所有涉及消费者人身或财产安全的产品责任领域,以填补法律漏洞,并统一我国司法实践中的裁判。
[Abstract]:If the defective product causes personal or property damage, the product producer shall bear the liability for compensation to the consumer, that is, the product producer shall bear the strict liability, and the product and service tort liability will break through the relativity rule of the contract and change to the strict liability. The principle of product liability has developed from the past fault liability to the duality of fault liability and strict liability. Article 148 of China's Food Safety Law (2015) further clarifies the mechanism of joint and several liability between producers and sellers: producers and operators who receive consumer compensation requests shall be under the first negative responsibility system and shall pay in advance without prevarication. Based on the legal interpretation of Article 41 and Article 42 of the Product quality Law, strict liability should be applied to the principle of attribution of responsibility to producers, while the principle of dualistic liability should be applied to sellers. It is suggested that the "first negative responsibility system" stipulated in Article 148 of the Food Safety Law should be applied by analogy to all areas of product liability involving the safety of the consumer's person or property in order to fill the loopholes in the law and to unify the judgment in judicial practice in our country.
【作者单位】：常州大学史良法学院;
【基金】：国家社会科学基金重大项目“民生视野下食品安全治理的法治化:问题嬗变与机制创新”(项目编号:14ZDC028) 中国法学会2015年度部级法学研究重点课题CLS(2015)B02 江苏省高校优秀中青年教师和校长境外研修计划资助 2014年江苏省高校“青蓝工程”资助
【分类号】：D922.16

【相似文献】