区域生态行政补偿立法研究

发布时间：2018-05-31 11:56

本文选题：区域生态行政补偿 + 现状　；参考：《中国地质大学（北京）》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会环境的不断变化，例如雾霾、沙尘暴等突出的环境问题越来越引起社会公众的不断重视，随之产生的就是人们对于经济发展与环境保护如何平衡的思考。作为平衡两者关系的重要手段之一，区域生态行政补偿，已经越来越普遍的被应用到现实生活中。目前，由于我国行政区划的客观存在和地方政府间有效沟通的缺乏，使“公地悲剧”和“搭便车”现象频发，从而削弱了区域生态环境的保护效果。不同区域之间的经济发展水平和环境保护力度是不完全相同的，而能够促使两者实现某种程度的协调发展，正是区域生态行政补偿可以实现的。但是现阶段不管是理论研究，还是社会实践，都对于区域生态行政补偿立法停留在一个较为基础的层面。因此，不管是从理论研究推进、机制体制完善，还是从推动社会实践、促进区域协调发展，乃至推进社会公平正义而言，研究区域生态行政补偿都是具有极为重要的理论和现实意义。全篇文章将会通过六个部分的研究，分析区域生态行政补偿的理论基础、现状及问题，提出完善区域生态行政补偿的建议。第一部分为引言，介绍了提出区域生态行政补偿的背景等内容。第二部分为区域生态行政补偿的理论概述，通过对行政补偿概念、生态补偿概念予以描述，进而区域生态行政补偿的概念，同时对这一概念的特征及意义予以阐述。第三部分为区域生态行政补偿立法概述，，对立法的理论基础和现实基础予以阐述，理论基础具体包括行政法理论、可持续发展理论、环境外部性理论、公共产品理论和公平与秩序理论；而现实基础部分，则主要从必要性和可行性角度出发，提出区域生态行政补偿立法的重要性和可操作性。第四部分为我国区域生态行政补偿的立法现状和存在问题，主要介绍了宪法、综合性生态环境法、以及其他生态环境保护规范性文件的相关规定；同时对我国区域生态立法现存的问题进行分析，指出主要存在法律体系不健全、具体制度不完备、配套实施细则不完善、统一协调管理机制不完整四个问题。第五部分为国外区域生态行政补偿的立法实践，主要对美国、德国、日本的实践和理论成果进行分析，并指出值得我国予以借鉴的部分。第六部分为我国区域生态行政补偿立法的完善，指出应从法律体系、法律制度、实施机制三个方面进行完善。
[Abstract]:With the continuous change of social environment, such as haze, sandstorm and other prominent environmental problems, more and more attention has been paid to the social public, and then people are thinking about how to balance economic development and environmental protection. As one of the important means to balance the relationship between the two, regional ecological administrative compensation has been more and more widely used in real life. At present, due to the objective existence of administrative divisions and the lack of effective communication between local governments, the phenomena of "common land tragedy" and "hitchhiking" frequently occur, thus weakening the protection effect of regional ecological environment. The level of economic development and the intensity of environmental protection among different regions are not exactly the same, but can promote the two to achieve some degree of coordinated development, is the regional ecological administrative compensation can be achieved. However, at present, both theoretical research and social practice remain at a relatively basic level for regional ecological administrative compensation legislation. Therefore, whether from theoretical research, mechanism and system improvement, or from promoting social practice, promoting regional coordinated development, and even promoting social equity and justice, It is of great theoretical and practical significance to study the regional ecological administrative compensation. The whole article will analyze the theoretical basis, current situation and problems of the regional ecological administrative compensation through six parts of research, and put forward some suggestions to perfect the regional ecological administrative compensation. The first part introduces the background of regional ecological administrative compensation. The second part is an overview of the theory of regional ecological administrative compensation, through the concept of administrative compensation, ecological compensation concept to describe, and then the concept of regional ecological administrative compensation, at the same time, the characteristics and significance of this concept are expounded. The third part is an overview of the regional ecological administrative compensation legislation, the theoretical and practical basis of the legislation is elaborated, the theoretical basis includes the theory of administrative law, sustainable development theory, environmental externality theory. The theory of public goods and the theory of fairness and order, and the realistic basis, mainly from the point of view of necessity and feasibility, put forward the importance and operability of regional ecological administrative compensation legislation. The fourth part is the legislation status and existing problems of regional ecological administrative compensation in China, mainly introduces the constitution, comprehensive ecological environmental law, and other relevant provisions of ecological environmental protection normative documents; At the same time, this paper analyzes the existing problems of regional ecological legislation in China, and points out that there are four main problems: the legal system is not perfect, the concrete system is not complete, the supporting implementation rules are not perfect, and the unified and coordinated management mechanism is not complete. The fifth part is the legislative practice of foreign regional ecological administrative compensation. It mainly analyzes the practice and theoretical results of the United States, Germany and Japan, and points out the parts that our country can use for reference. The sixth part is the perfection of the legislation of regional ecological administrative compensation in China, and points out that it should be perfected from three aspects: the legal system, the legal system and the implementation mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：中国地质大学（北京）
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.1

【参考文献】