论我国过程性政府信息豁免公开制度的完善

发布时间：2018-06-07 21:32

本文选题：信息公开 + 过程性政府信息　；参考：《吉林大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：法治政府要求行政机关公开透明。让权力在阳光下运行对于社会主义民主政治的发展具有重要意义,政府公信力和执行力也可随之提高,同时这还是公众实现知情权、参与权的必然要求。全面推进政务公开不仅要推进行政结果公开,还应当包括决策过程的公开。当前我国的政府信息公开制度仍然存在规范缺失、实效不理想的问题。尤其是在过程性政府信息公开方面,现行国家法律中并无相关规定,只在国务院部分规范性文件中有所提及。但是因为规定过于笼统模糊,导致实务中出现很多问题。信息公开制度的重心在于公开范围。从我国目前的立法情况来看,不予公开的范围规定比较模糊,尤其是对于过程性政府信息的公开问题,仍存在很多的问题。本文通过梳理当前已有的法律规范,分析其中存在的缺陷,再结合案例分析的方式,说明过程性政府信息豁免公开制度存在的问题。在此基础上,借鉴信息公开制度较完善的国家的规定,寻求能为我国学习的理念。适逢近日国务院提出要修订《政府信息公开条例》,本文期望能借此良机,提出一些可行的修改建议。本文认为过程性政府信息应当免于公开,但是这种不公开又并非绝对,即有例外情况。为论证这一观点,本文首先对过程性政府信息的概念做了释义,并且因为在整理国内实务中出现的相关案例时,发现过程性信息经常会与内部管理信息混淆,因此在释义时对二者做了严格的区分。再从知情权与行政权相平衡和保障行政效率的角度出发,论述了合理限制知情权的必要性,这也是对过程性信息予以豁免公开特权的理论根据。在这一基础上,本文梳理了当前我国各层级立法中关于过程性信息的所有相关规定和司法解释,并总结了其中的特点和存在的缺陷,主要在于其效力、实际操作性等方面。进而运用实证分析方法,评析实务案例中行政机关与司法机关的处理依据,结合法律规定,分析出其中存在的几个主要问题,主要表现在立法层级低、各地立法不统一、行政机关自由裁量权的滥用、司法机关判断标准的混乱等方面。最后为解决存在的问题,本文介绍了立法较成熟的国家,如美国、日本、澳大利亚等国家的立法模式,为我国法律制度的成熟提供借鉴。再结合我国实际,提出一些可行立法建议,供国务院在修订条例时参考。
[Abstract]:The rule of law requires transparency in the administration. It is of great significance for the development of socialist democratic politics to let the power run in the sun, and the credibility and executive power of the government can also be improved. At the same time, this is the inevitable requirement for the public to realize the right to know and the right to participate. To promote the openness of government affairs in an all-round way, we should not only promote the publicity of administrative results, but also the openness of the decision-making process. At present, China's government information disclosure system still exists the problem of lack of norms and unsatisfactory results. Especially in the process of government information disclosure, there are no relevant provisions in the current national laws, only mentioned in some normative documents of the State Council. But because the stipulation is too general and vague, lead to a lot of problems in practice. The focus of information disclosure system lies in the scope of disclosure. From the current legislative situation of our country, the scope of non-disclosure is rather vague, especially for the process of government information disclosure, there are still a lot of problems. By combing the existing legal norms, analyzing the defects, and combining the method of case analysis, this paper explains the problems existing in the system of procedural government information exemption disclosure. On the basis of this, using the regulations of countries with perfect information disclosure system for reference, we seek the idea of learning for our country. As the State Council has recently proposed to amend the regulations on the opening of Government Information, this paper hopes to take advantage of this opportunity and put forward some feasible suggestions for amendment. This paper holds that process government information should be exempted from disclosure, but this kind of non-disclosure is not absolute, that is, there are exceptions. In order to prove this view, this paper first interprets the concept of process government information, and because in sorting out the relevant cases in domestic practice, it is found that process information is often confused with internal management information. Therefore, in the interpretation of the two to make a strict distinction. From the angle of balancing the right to know and the right of administration and safeguarding the administrative efficiency, this paper discusses the necessity of reasonable restriction of the right to know, which is also the theoretical basis for exempting the process information from the public privilege. On this basis, this paper combs all the relevant provisions and judicial interpretations of procedural information in the current legislation of various levels in our country, and summarizes its characteristics and defects, mainly in the aspects of its effectiveness, practical operation, and so on. Then using the method of empirical analysis to analyze the basis of handling administrative and judicial organs in practical cases, combined with the legal provisions, the author analyzes several main problems, which are mainly manifested in the low level of legislation and the disunity of legislation in various places. The abuse of discretion of administrative organs, the confusion of judicial judgment standards and so on. Finally, in order to solve the existing problems, this paper introduces the legislative models of countries with more mature legislation, such as the United States, Japan, Australia and so on, which provide reference for the maturity of our legal system. Combined with the reality of our country, this paper puts forward some feasible legislative suggestions for the reference of the State Council in amending the regulations.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.1

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