我国网络安全审查立法研究

发布时间：2018-06-13 00:16

本文选题：信息安全 + 网络安全　；参考：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：当前,愈加严峻的网络安全挑战让我们意识到:"没有网络安全就没有国家安全",新形势下,我国将网络安全提升至国家安全战略的高度,提出要建立网络安全审查制度,以此筑建起保障我国网络安全的第一道防线。网络安全审查不仅仅是姗姗来迟的安全防御弥补措施,更是建设网络强国、保障国家安全的必然选择。2014年5月,国家互联网信息办公室发布"即将推出网络安全审查制度"的消息,之后,我国相继出台了《国家安全法》、《网络安全法》、《国家网络空间安全战略》,均对网络安全审查予以了规定,但相关内容并不足以支持审查活动的正常开展。2017年5月2日,国家互联网信息办公室发布了《网络产品和服务安全审查办法(试行)》,使得网络安全审查立法内容得到了进一步的细化,但不可否认,其中仍存在很多不足与问题。在全面推进依法治国、加强网络空间法治化建设中,我们不仅要"有法可依",还应当保证立法的质量。深化对网络安全审查的立法研究,从而发现问题,并针对问题及时完善相关立法内容,提高立法质量,对促进网络安全审查制度建设及其作用发挥来说,是至关重要的。本文以分析我国网络安全审查的立法现状,总结现存立法问题,提出完善立法的建议为主要内容,除引言和总结,共分为五部分:首先是网络安全审查的概述。该部分重点厘清"网络安全审查"的概念,对网络安全审查是防御网络安全风险的主动保障措施、审查重要系统中的重要产品和服务、紧密围绕国家安全需要进行审查三个方面的属性进行了详细阐述,并基于严峻的网络安全形势,分析了网络安全审查的必要性。其次是网络安全审查的立法基础。通过阐述法律的秩序价值,指出推进网络安全审查立法是加强网络空间秩序维护的需要;通过网络空间主权理论,明确实施网络安全审查是捍卫国家利益的表现,网络空间主权是其立法保护的前提;通过依法行政原则、比例原则和积极防御原则,强调网络安全审查是国家行使公权力的表现,对其进行立法是依法治国的必然要求和体现,且该立法应对公权力的行使设置适当"比例",体现积极、主动防御风险的特点。再次是我国网络安全审查的立法现状及存在的问题。在立法现状方面,笔者梳理了网络安全审查在《国家安全法》、《网络安全法》、《国家网络空间安全战略》中的体现,并对《网络产品和服务安全审查办法(试行)》的内容进行了归纳;在存在的问题方面,笔者指出,当前我国网络安全审查立法存在审查对象表述不统一、立法内容的可操作性较差、审查活动集中于"采购"环节、缺少分级审查规则等问题。接下来是对美国相关制度立法内容的学习和借鉴。笔者介绍了与我国网络安全审查相近的美国信息技术采购安全保障制度的立法概况、构成及特点,总结出对我国完善网络安全审查立法的启示。最后,笔者立足于现存的立法问题,提出完善我国网络安全审查立法的构想,主张坚持协同"安全"与"发展"理念指导网络安全审查立法工作;主张通过完善审查对象、审查标准、第三方机构认定规则、供应链审查方式、审查结果的公布与通报等方面的内容,继续细化当前立法内容;同时,提出建立"动态审查"模式与分级审查规则的建议,以弥补当前立法缺失,进一步充实和改进网络安全审查立法内容。
[Abstract]:At present, the increasingly severe challenge of network security makes us realize: "there is no national security without network security". Under the new situation, China has promoted network security to the national security strategy, and proposed to establish a network security review system to build up the first line of defense for the security of China's network. In May, the national Internet Information Office issued the news that "the network security review system is about to be launched". After that, the national security law of China, the network security law, the national network space security strategy have been introduced in succession in May. The network security review has been stipulated, but the relevant content is not sufficient to support the normal development of the review activities in May 2nd. The national Internet Information Office issued a "network product and service security review method" (Trial Implementation), making the content of the network security review legislation further refined, but it is still undeniable that it still exists. Many shortcomings and problems. In promoting the rule of law and strengthening the construction of the rule of law in the network space, we should not only "have laws and regulations", but also guarantee the quality of the legislation. We should deepen the Legislative Research on the network security review, find out the problems, improve the legislative content in time, improve the quality of the legislation and promote the network security trial. It is very important to investigate the construction of the system and play its role. This paper analyzes the current legislative situation of China's network security review, summarizes the existing legislative problems, and puts forward suggestions for improving the legislation. In addition to the introduction and summary, it is divided into five parts: the first is the overview of the network security review. This part focuses on the "network security review". The concept of network security review is an active safeguard measure to defend the risk of network security, examines important products and services in the important system, expounds the properties of three aspects closely around the national security needs, and analyzes the necessity of network security review based on the severe network security situation. Secondly, it is necessary to analyze the necessity of network security review. The legislative basis of the network security review. Through the exposition of the order value of the law, it is pointed out that promoting the network security review legislation is the need to strengthen the maintenance of the network space order. Through the theory of cyberspace sovereignty, it is clear that the implementation of the network security review is the manifestation of defending the national interests, and the cyberspace sovereignty is the premise of its legislative protection; through the law, the law is the prerequisite for the protection of the national interests. The principle of administration, the principle of proportion and the principle of active defense emphasize that the network security review is the performance of the state exercising public power, and the legislation is the inevitable requirement and embodiment of governing the country according to law. And the legislation should set up appropriate "proportion" for the exercise of public power. It embodies the characteristics of active and active defense of risk. Again, it is the network security review in China. In the current situation of legislation, the author combs the embodiment of the network security review in the national security law, the network security law, the national cyberspace security strategy, and sums up the contents of the network product and service security review method (Trial Implementation). In the existing problems, the author points out that the current I The legislation of national network security review is not unified, the operability of the legislative content is poor, the review activities are concentrated on the "procurement" link, and the rules of the classification review are short. The following is the learning and reference of the relevant legislation in the United States. The author introduces the United States information technology similar to our network security review. The general situation, composition and characteristics of the legislation of the safety and security system of purchasing are summarized. Finally, based on the existing legislative problems, the author puts forward the idea of perfecting the legislation of China's network security review, and advocates adhering to the guidance of the concept of "security" and "development" to guide the legislative work of network security review. In order to make up for the lack of current legislation and to further enrich and improve the security of the network, we will continue to refine the current legislative content by perfecting the examination objects, examining the standards, the rules of the third party organization, the way of supply chain review, the publication and notification of the results, and further refine the current legislative content. Review the content of the legislation.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.16;TP393.08

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