论我国农村土地征收补偿范围

发布时间：2018-06-17 03:48

本文选题：征收补偿 + 补偿原则　；参考：《西南政法大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年随着城乡一体化进程的加快，农村土地征收过程中凸显出的各种问题日益突出和尖锐，这也引起了政府部门和很多学者的关注。针对这一情况，今年全国两会上出现了一个热议的话题，那就是进行农村土地改革，让农民在土地上真正受益。并且十八届三中全会对农村土改做出的安排主要包括：符合规划和用途管制的农村集体经营性建设用地允许进入市场，和国有土地享受同等权利和同等价格；在明确集体所有权，稳定农户承包权，搞活土地的经营权的基础上，允许承包土地的经营权向金融机构抵押融资；慎重稳妥推进农民住房财产权抵押、担保、转让，探索农民增加财产性收入渠道三个主要方面。通过土地改革的动向，我们可以看出农民被承认的在土地上享有的权利和利益范围正在不断的扩大，国家对农民的保护力度也正在加强。农村土地征收表现出来的最大的问题就是补偿的问题，涉及到补偿原则、补偿标准、补偿范围以及费用分配等，每一部分都存在一定的问题，并且都有立法不完善的地方。为此，很多专家学者为加快构建合理的农村土地征收补偿制度而献言献策，大多是从全面宏观的角度来论述的。本文笔者从一个具体的角度，选择农村土地征收补偿的其中一个方面土地补偿范围来加以论述，首先通过探析征收补偿的理论基础证明补偿的必要性和正当性，接着确定补偿的原则，用原则来指导补偿的各个方面。其次，从理论和实际相结合的角度对农民因征收而遭受的权利损失及附着于土地上的其他利益损失予以分析，坚持以损失决定补偿的范围，有损失就应补偿。对于未被法律所认可的习惯权利，通过考证其普遍的现实存在性和现有土地政策的导向性，笔者主张将这些农民在现实中存在的利益纳入立法保护范围之内，将这种习惯权利上升为法定权利予以保护，这既是政府以民为本保障农民利益的政策要求，也顺应了法律上权利保护的发展趋势。再次，通过比较国内外关于补偿范围的规定，，分析我国目前立法上关于补偿范围的规定，显示出立法和实践之间的巨大差别，凸显出补偿范围的过于狭窄和立法上的严重缺陷和不足，不利于对农民权利和利益的保护。最后，笔者从我国的实际出发，针对现行补偿范围规定的不足之处，提出立法完善建议，并主张从农民的角度出发，不仅要保护农民的实际权利和利益，而且要尊重和保护其发展权。本篇论文的写作目的就是在分析国内关于土地补偿范围现状的基础上，参考借鉴国外以及我国台湾地区的相关规定，结合我国的实际情况提出土地补偿范围方面的完善建议，笔者的主要观点就是将农民实际存在的相关习惯权利上升为法定权利予以保护和补偿。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the acceleration of the process of urban-rural integration, various problems highlighted in the process of rural land expropriation have become increasingly prominent and sharp, which has also attracted the attention of government departments and many scholars. In view of this situation, there is a hot topic in the national two sessions this year, that is, to carry out rural land reform, so that farmers can really benefit from the land. And the third Plenary session of the 18th Central Committee of the rural land reform made arrangements mainly include: according to the planning and use control of rural collective operating land allowed to enter the market and state-owned land enjoy the same rights and prices; On the basis of defining collective ownership, stabilizing peasant households' right to contract contracts, and invigorating the right to manage land, the right to manage contracted land shall be allowed to mortgage and finance to financial institutions, and peasants' housing property rights shall be prudently promoted for mortgage, guarantee, and transfer. Explore farmer increases property sex income channel 3 main respects. Through the trend of land reform, we can see that the scope of farmers' recognized rights and interests on the land is constantly expanding, and the state's protection of farmers is also being strengthened. The biggest problem of rural land expropriation is compensation, which involves the principle of compensation, the standard of compensation, the scope of compensation and the distribution of expenses. There are some problems in each part, and the legislation is not perfect. To this end, many experts and scholars to speed up the construction of a reasonable compensation system for rural land expropriation and advice, mostly from a comprehensive macro point of view. From a specific point of view, the author chooses one aspect of rural land expropriation compensation to discuss the scope of land compensation. Firstly, it proves the necessity and legitimacy of compensation by analyzing the theoretical basis of expropriation compensation. Then determine the principle of compensation, with principles to guide all aspects of compensation. Secondly, from the angle of the combination of theory and practice, this paper analyzes the loss of rights and other losses attached to the land caused by the expropriation of peasants, and insists on deciding the scope of compensation by the loss, if there is any loss, it should be compensated. For the customary rights which have not been recognized by the law, the author advocates that the interests of these farmers in reality should be included in the scope of legislative protection through textual research on their universal existence and the guidance of existing land policies. It is not only the policy requirement of the government to protect farmers' interests, but also the development trend of legal rights protection. Thirdly, by comparing the domestic and foreign provisions on the scope of compensation, this paper analyzes the current legislation on the scope of compensation in China, showing the huge difference between legislation and practice. The narrow range of compensation and the serious defects and deficiencies in legislation are not conducive to the protection of farmers' rights and interests. Finally, from the point of view of the reality of our country, aiming at the deficiencies of the current compensation scope, the author puts forward some suggestions for the improvement of legislation, and advocates that the actual rights and interests of farmers should not only be protected from the perspective of farmers. It is also necessary to respect and protect their right to development. The purpose of this thesis is to analyze the present situation of land compensation scope in China, refer to the relevant regulations of foreign countries and Taiwan region, and put forward some suggestions on land compensation scope according to the actual situation of our country. The author's main point is to protect and compensate farmers' relevant customary rights.
【学位授予单位】：西南政法大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.3

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