道路交通事故认定法律问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-29 03:19

本文选题：道路交通事故 + 认定　；参考：《大连海事大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着我国经济社会的高速发展,人员和物资的流动空前频繁,全社会的汽车保有量和驾驶人数量快速增长,而道路通车里程的增长速度却相对缓慢,道路交安全设施的建设也相对滞后,造成人、车、路、环境之间的矛盾凸显,由此引发的道路交通事故数量也急剧增长。道路交通事故的发生严重地威胁着人们的生命财产安全,据不完全统计,近年来我国平均每年发生道路交通事故15万余起,造成人员受伤15万余人,造成人员死亡7万余人,造成财产损失近10亿元人民币。道路交通事故发生后,每一个当事人及其家属无不希望能得到公正的处理,能得到合理的事故损害赔偿。公安机关交通管理部门是处理道路交通事故的法定主体。在道路交通事故处理工作中,道路交通事故认定是最重要的环节。道路交通事故认定是一项法律性和专业性很强的工作,是公安机关交通管理部门对交通事故的基本事实、产生原因和当事人的行为过错及应承担的事故责任等作出的具体分析和认定。《道路交通安全法》及其配套法规规定,公安机关交通管理部门应当根据道路交通事故当事人的违法行为对发生交通事故所起的作用以及该行为的过错严重程度,确定道路交通事故当事人的责任。由此可知,公安机关交通管理部门认定道路交通事故,一要依法确认道路交通事故中各方当事人应履行的法定义务以及何方当事人应当优先履行法定义务,二要查找各方当事人实施的引发道路交通事故的违法行为并确认该行为在道路交通事故中的作用大小,最后划分各方当事应承担的道路交通事故责任。道路交通事故认定实际上是公安交通管理部门对道路交通事故的成因分析,是对造成道路交通事故原因的确认。公安机关交通管理部门制作的道路交通事故认定书是当事人是否承担民事责任、行政责任、刑事责任的法律依据。我们要避免将公安交通管理部门的道路交通事故认定,简单等同于当事人民事责任的确定,应将这一认定作为划分当事人事故责任的重要证据材料。在道路交通事故处理工作实践中,由于未厘清道路交通事故基本概念、未区分道路交通事故责任与民事损害赔偿责任等原因造成交通事故认定困难。道路交通事故认定是一项既有法治思维又有实战技能的工作,法律性严、权威性强、专业性高、群众性广,面对新形势新情况新问题,我们要用法治思维、法治方式去统领这项工作,要用学习提高的态度、务实有效的办法去开展这项工作。本文中,笔者进一步强调了研究道路交通事故认定的现实意义,从道路交通事故的基本概念、基本理论入手,以实证分析法为基础,对现行法律制度框架下道路交通事故认定工作所存在的问题进行了深入分析,并针对当事人对道路事故认定不服的救济方式不足、交通事故认定规则不足、道路交通事故认定中的困惑、道路交通事故认定的监督和制约及救济途经存在弊端、事故处理民警的能力素质亟待提高等方面的问题提出完善道路交通事故认定的措施。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our country's economy and society, the flow of personnel and materials is unprecedentedly frequent, the quantity of car ownership and the number of drivers in the whole society are increasing rapidly, but the growth rate of road traffic mileage is relatively slow, and the construction of road safety facilities is lagging behind. The contradiction between people, cars, roads and environment is highlighted. The number of road traffic accidents has also increased rapidly. The occurrence of road traffic accidents seriously threatens the safety of people's life and property. According to incomplete statistics, in recent years, more than 15 million road traffic accidents have occurred in China, causing more than 15 people to be injured, resulting in more than 7 deaths, resulting in the property loss of nearly 1 billion yuan. After the accident, every party and his family are hoping to get a fair treatment and get a reasonable compensation for the accident damage. The traffic management department of the public security organ is the legal subject to deal with the road traffic accidents. In the road traffic accident treatment, the road traffic accident is identified as the most important link. Road traffic accident. It is a legal and professional work, which is the specific analysis and confirmation of the basic facts of traffic accidents, the cause of the traffic accidents and the liability of the parties, and the liability for accidents. The traffic management department of the public security organs should make the specific analysis and identification of the traffic accidents and the liability of the parties. In accordance with the effect of the illegal acts of the parties on a road traffic accident on the occurrence of a traffic accident and the severity of the fault of the act, the responsibility of the parties to the road traffic accident is determined. Therefore, the traffic management department of the public security organ finds that the road traffic accident should be confirmed by the parties in accordance with the law. The legal obligation of the party and the party should give priority to the legal obligation. Two to find out the illegal acts of the road traffic accidents carried out by the parties and to confirm the action in the road traffic accident, and finally to divide the road traffic accident responsibilities that the parties should bear. The road traffic accident cognizance is actually in fact The cause of the road traffic accident is confirmed by the traffic management department of the public security department. The road traffic accident identification book made by the traffic management department of the public security organs is the legal basis of whether the party is responsible for civil liability, administrative responsibility and criminal responsibility. We should avoid the road of public security traffic management department. The identification of road traffic accidents is simply equivalent to the determination of the civil liability of the parties. It should be regarded as an important evidence material for the division of the party's accident liability. In the practice of road traffic accident treatment, the basic concepts of road traffic accidents have not been clarified, and the reasons for the failure to distinguish the liability of road traffic accidents and the liability for civil damage are not distinguished. It is difficult to identify traffic accidents. The identification of road traffic accidents is a work with both legal and practical skills, with strict law, strong authority, high professionalism and broad masses. In the face of new situation and new problems, we should use the rule of thinking and rule of law to lead the work. We should use the attitude of learning to improve and be pragmatic and effective. In this paper, the author further emphasizes the practical significance of the study of road traffic accident identification, starting with the basic concepts and basic theories of road traffic accidents, based on the empirical analysis method, and analyses the problems existing in the identification work of road traffic accidents under the current legal system framework. There are insufficient relief methods for the parties to the road accident identification, the lack of the identification rules of traffic accidents, the confusion in the identification of road traffic accidents, the supervision and restriction of road traffic accident identification and the disadvantages of the relief ways, and the problems in the ability to improve the ability of the police to deal with the accident, and to improve the identification of road traffic accidents. Measures.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：D922.14

【参考文献】