“实践共同体”视域下土地复垦监管法律关系研究

发布时间：2018-09-04 17:41

【摘要】：土地复垦在保护和补充耕地资源,保障粮食安全和生态安全,坚守18亿亩耕地红线等方面发挥了重要作用。土地复垦监管则是落实最严格的耕地保护制度和最严格的节约用地制度的有力抓手。厘清土地复垦监管法律关系是明确土地复垦监管机构、完善监管的法律规范、加强监管手段和完备监管技术标准的有效路径。有利于促进土地复垦监管法律规范从静态向动态转化,实现土地复垦监管工作应有的法律秩序。探究土地复垦监管法律关系既能拓宽法律关系理论的研究范畴,又能为土地复垦监管活动的切实开展提供必需的规范指引。近年来,我国土地复垦监管工作取得一定成效,但仍存在监管主体分工合作少,责任不明确、土地复垦监管的责任不明晰、复垦义务不明确、缺乏健全的管理和执法监督体制等问题。结合法律关系理论探究土地复垦监管问题,是解决土地复垦监管发展困境的突破口。在实践共同体的指引下有助于突破传统法律关系理论研究的瓶颈,为科学构建土地复垦监管法律规范提供更为现实化、具体化的路径。实践共同体成员在共同的目标与利益的指引下形成的内部彼此认知、相互理解的共同体。“‘多层次参与’实践共同体理念”通过划分不同层次的参与形式来诠释成员的职责和权利。“‘动态平衡’实践共同体理念”通过控制内在要素的平衡稳定来推动实践共同体的发展。可在实践共同体理论的指引下构建土地复垦监管实践共同体。在“‘多层次参与’实践共同体理念”的指引下,通过诠释土地复垦监管法律关系的构成解决土地复垦监管实践共同体的参与形式问题。在“‘动态平衡’实践共同体理念”的指引下,通过诠释土地复垦监管法律关系的适用解决土地复垦监管实践共同体的发展问题。本文运用价值分析方法和规范分析方法对土地复垦监管法律关系展开研究。首先,价值分析方法主要运用于两个方面。一方面,基于法律关系相关文献之价值分析方法。通过罗列评述法律关系诸学说,进而导出土地复垦监管法律关系的概念及特征。另一方面,基于实践共同体理论文献之价值分析方法。在分析凝练实践共同体基本内涵的基础上,运用“‘多层次参与’实践共同体理念”指引土地复垦监管法律关系的主体、内容和客体三者的涵义及其内容。其次,规范分析方法主要运用于“‘动态平衡’实践共同体理念”指引下的土地复垦监管法律关系的价值、立法整合、规范设定的适用。从平衡价值取向入手分析土地复垦监管法律关系的价值适用。从规范性法律文件系统化的视角分析土地复垦监管法律关系的立法整合适用。从法律规范的内容设计方面分析土地复垦监管法律关系的规则设定适用。
[Abstract]:Land reclamation plays an important role in protecting and supplementing cultivated land resources, ensuring food security and ecological security, and sticking to the red line of 1.8 billion mu cultivated land. Land reclamation supervision is the most strict farmland protection system and the strictest land conservation system. To clarify the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision is an effective way to clarify the land reclamation supervision agencies, perfect the legal norms of supervision, strengthen the means of supervision and perfect the technical standards of supervision. It is beneficial to promote the legal norms of land reclamation supervision from static to dynamic, and to realize the legal order of land reclamation supervision. Exploring the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision can not only broaden the research scope of the legal relationship theory, but also provide the necessary normative guidance for the effective development of land reclamation supervision. In recent years, the supervision of land reclamation in our country has made some achievements, but there are still some problems, such as the less division of labor and cooperation, the unclear responsibility, the unclear responsibility of land reclamation supervision, and the unclear duty of reclamation. Lack of sound management and law enforcement supervision system and other issues. Combining with the theory of legal relation, it is a breakthrough to solve the dilemma of land reclamation supervision. Under the guidance of the community of practice, it is helpful to break through the bottleneck of the traditional legal relationship theory and provide a more realistic and concrete way for the scientific construction of the legal norms of land reclamation supervision. Under the guidance of common goals and interests, the members of the Community of practice form a community of mutual cognition and mutual understanding. The concept of "multi-level participation" interprets the duties and rights of members by dividing different levels of participation. The idea of "dynamic balance" promotes the development of practical community by controlling the balance and stability of internal elements. The practical community of land reclamation supervision can be constructed under the guidance of the theory of practical community. Under the guidance of the concept of "multi-level participation", the participation form of land reclamation supervision practice community is solved by interpreting the composition of the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision. Under the guidance of the idea of "dynamic balance", the development of practical community of land reclamation supervision is solved by interpreting the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision. This paper studies the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision with value analysis method and normative analysis method. First of all, the value analysis method is mainly applied in two aspects. On the one hand, the value analysis method based on the relevant documents of legal relationship. The concept and characteristics of the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision are derived by listing and commenting on the theories of legal relations. On the other hand, the value analysis method of theoretical literature based on practical community. Based on the analysis of the basic connotation of the condensed practice community, this paper uses the concept of "multi-level participation" to guide the subject, content and object of the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision. Secondly, the normative analysis method is mainly applied to the value of the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision under the guidance of "dynamic balance" practice Community concept, legislative integration and the application of norm setting. This paper analyzes the value application of the legal relationship of land reclamation supervision from the perspective of balanced value orientation. This paper analyzes the legislative integration and application of land reclamation supervision from the perspective of systematization of normative legal documents. From the aspect of content design of legal norms, this paper analyzes the rule setting and application of land reclamation supervision.
【学位授予单位】：西南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：D922.32

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